Chapter
1-4
Annual
Events
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Te-forms of verbs |
Te forms of verbs can be used in various structures such as “Te form of verb + ください = request” 見てください "please look",
one of the Classroom Instructions that we have been using in class. When te-forms of
verbs are used by itself, it serves as connecting/linking
sentences without any sentence connector such as それから、そして、etc.
The meaning of te-form varies according to what
is followed/combined with it or by the
context but in this chapter, we will focus on a common usage of “and.” Te-form of verbs can be listed exhaustively but usually 2 or 3
consecutive use is enough; otherwise, it may sound redundant.
Note: The past or non-past tense can not be indicated in Te-forms. In order to find out which tense the
sentences are, look at the verb at the end of the sentence. E.g. 東京に行って、うなぎをたべます。I go to Tokyo and eat eel. 東京に行って、うなぎをたべました。I went to Tokyo and ate eel.
How to make Te-forms of verbs: You have learned Ta-forms of verbs which
is plain past forms of verbs. Simply replace
たwithて to make te-forms.
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Te-Forms of Verbs We need to memorize the following rules in the chart below to make te-forms of verbs. Class 1 verbs! Try to remember these with some rhythms such as a lap
music!
Class 2
verbs!
Class 3
verbs!
Compare them with plain past forms
of verbs. |
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今日の朝、学校に行って、先生に会って、数学を勉強しました。
私は奈良に行って、大仏を見てみたいです。 I want to go to
Click
here to practice Te-forms of verbs.
Assignment 1-4 A:
Think about what you will do tomorrow, next week, next month and write three
sentences using te-form of verbs in non-past
sentence. Also try to remember what you did yesterday, last week, and last
month and write three sentences using te-form of
verbs in past sentence. (Total 6
sentences)
E.g. おととい、９時半のクラスにでて、友達と昼ごはんにカレーを食べて、５時に家に帰りました。(1 sentence)
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Te-forms of
verbs + みる |
When te-forms of verbs is followed by みる/みます, みる/みますmeans “to see what it is like” or “to see what will happen.” E.g. 話してみる (try to talk and see if he/she will understand…), 食べてみる (try to eat and see if it is tasty…), 着てみる(try to wear and see if it fits or looks good on me…) This is often used as a follow-up question after asking about "experiences." If you find someone has never done something before, you can ask "well then, would you like to do it?" For example: A asks "ヨーロッパに行ったことがありますか。" B replies " いえ、アメリカに行ったことはありますが、ヨーロッパは（行ったことは）ありません". Then, A can askヨーロッパに行ってみたいですか。" In another words, if someone is using this structure, it often implies that the person has never done it before. You can also use it in such cases as you see in this sentence, "日本にもう一度行ってみたいです。 I want to go to Japan again (and see how I will do next time.)"
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Te-forms of verbs + みる/みます |
私の友達は京都に行 って、舞妓さんに会ってみたがっています。My friends wants to go to Kyoto and want to
(and try to) meet Maiko.
Assignment 1-4 B:
Write 5 sentences about what you or your friend/family/others (want to) try to
do when you go to some place or when you meet someone, etc. Refer to the materials about Japanese
souvenirs and local specialties (chapter 1-1) to get some ideas.
E.g. 私は、九州の佐賀県を訪問して、有田焼の釜を見て、有田焼を作ってみたいです。I want to ( and
try to) visit
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In-exhaustive
listing of action or states |
This
structure is used to mean “do things like … and …” or “sometimes … and
sometimes ….” It is used to list actions
as examples. E.g. 日本に行ったら、日本食を食べたり、買い物をしたり、J-Pop音楽のCDをかったりします。When I go to
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Past plain form of verb (ta-forms of verb)+ り、 Past plain form of verb (ta-forms of verb)+ りします。 To make the sentence into past form or negative form, simply
change しますat the end of sentenceinto past しました or negative しませんでした. |
私の日本人の友人は、お正月に神社に行って、お祈りをしたり、お守りを買ったりします。(Refer to the vocabulary glossary of key
sentences for English equivalent.)
Click here to
practice talking about Annual Events.
(Refer to the
Vocabulary (Annual Events) for vocabulary glossary at
Assignment 1-4 C:
#1 – 5 : Choose five Japanese annual events (refer to the
vocabulary page for“Vocabulary (Annual Events)”
(the link is right above also) of your interest and
,using these structures, write what Japanese do on those days and
what you
would like to (try to) do. Be
creative and combine the structure you have learned. For
example:
私の日本人の友人は、お正月に神社に行って、お祈りをしたり、お守りを買ったりします。
My Japanese friends do things such as going to a shrine, praying for a god, buying a good luck charm on the New Year day.
日本に行ったら、東京の渋谷に行ったり、大阪で文楽を見たりしたいです。When
(or if) I go to Japan, I want to (and try to) go to Shibuya in Tokyo and
watch Bunraku theater in Osaka.
お正月に日本を訪問して、おせち料理を食べたり、おとそを飲んだり、してみたいです。At
New year days, I want to (try and see )do things like visiting Japan, and
eating Osechi cuisine, drinking Otoso.
姉はフランスでエッフェル塔の展望台を上ったり、スペインの闘牛を見たり、イタリアのピザの斜塔を見たりしたがります。
My sister (habitually) wants to/ has been wanting to do things like going up
the observation deck of the Eiffel Tower in France, watching a bull fighting
in Spain, and seeing Tower of Pisa in Italy.
夏休みの間は、海で泳いだり、ビーチで日光浴をしたり、アルバイトや夏期講習にいったりします。During the summer
break/vacation, I do sun-bathing on the beach, go
to part-time job, and summer school/lessons, etc.
来年の夏は、東京に行って、渋谷で買い物をしたり、京都に行って、神社やお寺を見学したり、おいしいものを食べたりするつもりです。 Next summer, I am planning to go to Tokyo and shop in Shibuya, and go to Kyoto and look around shrines and temples and eat delicious stuff.
# 6 – 10: Make 5 sentences
using this structure. Think about the following situations:
E.g. 夏休みの間（あいだ）は (During the summer vacation) 、….
夏休みの間は、海で泳いだり、ビーチで日光浴をしたり、アルバイトや夏期講習にいったりします。During the summer break/vacation, I
do sun-bathing on the beach, go to part-time job and
summer school/lessons, etc.
6. 独立記念日の間（あいだ）は(During the Independence Day)、 ….
7. ハロウィーンの間は(During Halloween)、 ….
8.サンクスギビングの間は(During Thanksgiving)、….
9.クリスマスの間は(During Christmas)、….
10.日本に行ったら(when/if I go to Japan)、….
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Useful vocabulary: 家族 family、バーベキュー barbecue； ジャック・オ・ランターン Jack-O-Lantern； 「トリック・オア・トリート Trick or Treat(お菓子をくれないと、いたずらをする If you do not give me sweets, I
will play a trick on you.)」；家の近所を回って、お菓子をもらう
to go around the neighborhood and receive candies； 仮装（仮装）する to wear costume; 七面鳥(しちめんちょう) turkey； パンと野菜（やさい）の詰め物（つめもの）staffing with vegetable and bread（[ドレッシング]と言いますIt is called “Dressing”）； …にグレービーをかける pour gravy over …； スイートポテト sweet potato； パンプキンパイ pumpkin pie； クランベリーソース cranberry sauce； メーシーズのパレード Macys’ Parade；
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Assignment 1-4 D :
Create/write your interview questions using each grammar above. Write follow-up questions as necessary to enhance the conversation.