Expressing existence

In-aminiate or Aminate exists at/in (place).

In-animate は/が (place) に　あります。 本がテーブルにあります。A book is at/on the table.

Animate は/が (place) に　います。　先生がくるまにいます。A teacher is at/in the car.

Expressing locations

Place = reference + の + positional word

Please indicate the reference point first before you mention the position. Remember to use particle to connect words. The word order is opposite to English expression such as “in front of a station” becomes “えき　の　前　(station in front)” in Japanese.

In-animate は/が (reference + の + positional word) に　あります。　本がテーブルの上にあります。A book is on/above the table.

Animate は/が (reference + の + positional word) に　います。　先生がくるまの前にいます。A teacher is in front of the car.