Sociology of Education (Soc 347)

Fall 2008

Dr. John Rice

Office: SB 208D, 962-7313

Email: ricej@uncw.edu

Course Web Page: Web Page: http://people.uncw.edu/ricej/ (go to course pages link)

Office Hours: MW, 9:00-9:30, 1:00-1:45; R 3:30-5:00 (or by appointment)

 

 

I. Course Description

            Education is a modern social institution. That simple sentence contains several key themes with which we will be concerned over the course of the semester. First of all, to say that education is a modern  institution is to say that the creation of an expansive social system comprising specialized organizations, groups, and statuses – all   dedicated to a formalized and rationalized  process called “education” – is a by-product of  complex, urban, industrial, bureaucratic – in a word, modern – societies. Secondly, to say that education is a modern institution is to say that those organizations, etc., were created to solve specific problems characteristic of modern societies. What were those problems? Why was education separated out and institutionalized? Why were schools created? What purposes was education created to accomplish? Does it or does it not accomplish them? This course will examine these, and other issues, focusing on the historical interplay between and among education and other social structures and institutions (family, economy, politics, religion) and the key sociological processes (social differentiation, stratification), with which education is inextricably intertwined. 

 

II. Texts, Course Requirements and Grading

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A. There is one required text for the course:

 

The Schools We Need and Why We Don’t Have Them, by E.D. Hirsch

           

(There will also be additional readings assigned. These will be on-line readings which can be easily accessed by using the hot links on the on-line syllabus for this course.)

 

B. It will be possible to earn 100 points over the course of the semester:

 

            20 points: an early semester examination

            20 points: a mid-term examination

            30 points: a final examination

            25 pts: a term paper (5 pts of this will be determined by a prospectus – see below)

  5 points: attendance and participation. A successful and enjoyable class

depends to a significant degree upon the active intellectual involvement of both students and professor. Students are not simply receptacles into which teachers "pour" information, and learning involves the ability to actively engage -- wrestle with, think through, challenge -- the ideas presented in the class. I both encourage and expect that active intellectual involvement in my classes, and that involvement requires that students be present in class (both physically and mentally) and that they be prepared for the class.

a. In the interests of fairness, I start all student scores on this measure at 4 points (which is 80% of the total points you can earn for attendance/participation), and either add to or subtract from those points based upon your in-class performance. Points will be added for perfect or near-perfect (all but 1 or 2 classes) attendance, and for positive involvement in the life of the class; they will also be added in the event that -- for those reluctant to actively participate in discussions -- students take advantage of my office hours to clarify any points about which they are uncertain or interested. Points will be subtracted for excessive absences and/or late arrivals, and for being a negative presence in the class (disruptions, mentally absent). At the extremes, it is possible to earn all 5 points or to earn no points at all.

 

1. The examinations will be a mixture of short and long essays.

 

            a. The Early Exam will be held during class time on Sept. 12

            b. The Mid-Term will be held during class time on Oct. 10

            c. The Final Exam will be on Monday Dec. 8th, 8:00-11:00 a.m.

                       

2. The term paper (8-12 typed, double-spaced pages, including the end-notes and appropriate reference sections) should be a discussion of each student's independent and original research relating to some educational issue. The research should be empirical, but theoretically "driven" -- that is, you should use the empirical material to explore a particular theoretical argument that has been covered in readings or lectures for the course. The research project may be either primarily library research or field work of some type (interviews, participant observation). In general, the goal is to teach yourselves something interesting and important about the social organization of education.

 

3. The prospectus, 5 points: a short, 3-5 pp. description of your term paper will be due in class on October 29th.

 

a. this short paper should include: the theoretical issue(s) you will address; the specific research project you have chosen and a description of how you will conduct the research; and, a bibliography of the published research that will guide your own work.

 

4. Late Papers and Missed Exams: The general rule, here, is do not do either of these things. If you must miss an exam or turn in a paper late, you will be expected to  notify me in advance, and/or be able to provide some proof of your trouble (obviously, in the case of an emergency, advance notification may well be impossible). If you are not able to meet these conditions you will not be allowed to make up the exam or turn the paper in late.

 

C. Grading: Your grades for the course will be determined by the number of points you have earned, divided by the total possible points. This percentage will convert into letter grades (Note: since the total is 100, your actual number of points will, of course, be your percentage):

                                   

A   = 95-100%            B+ = 87-89% C+ = 77-79%              D = 60-69%               

A- = 90-94                  B   = 83-86      C   = 73-76                  F = 59% or less

                                    B- = 80-82       C- = 70-72                 

 

THERE WILL BE NO POSSIBILITY FOR EXTRA CREDIT WORK! YOUR COURSE GRADES WILL DEPEND UPON YOUR PERFORMANCE IN THE REQUIRED COURSE WORK ONLY!

 

D. Cheating, Plagiarism: All work – tests, papers – must be the product of your own efforts. Plagiarism is defined as

 

"any attempt by a student to represent the work of another as his or her own. This includes copying the answers of another student on an examination or copying or substantially restating the work of another person or persons in any oral or written work without citing the appropriate source, and collaborating with someone else in an academic endeavor without acknowledging his or her contribution."

 

Pay close attention to this definition, because anyone caught cheating or plagiarizing will receive an “F” for the entire course and will be reported to the Dean of Students.

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III. Course Outline

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Date                            Topics                                               

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Part I. General Theoretical Background

Aug. 20

Overview of the Course

 

Readings (NOTE: assigned readings should be read before the class meetings that follow them on the course outline):  Hirsch, Chapter 1(“Introduction”)

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Aug. 22-27

General Theoretical & Historical Background

Modernity & Public Education: The Historical Context

                                    Culture, Social Structure, & Social Institutions

                                                Education, Social Differentiation, & Social Stratification

 

Readings: Hirsch, Chapter 2; Durkheim, “Discipline”; Collins, "Functional & Conflict Theories," pp. 94-98; Blau and Duncan, “Status Attainment

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Aug. 29, Sept. 3-5

Functionalism's View of Education

            “Allocation” & Status Attainment

 

Note: No Class on Sept. 1: Labor Day Holiday

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Readings: Collins, "Functional & Conflict Theories," pp. 98-end; Cookson, “Elite Schools

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Sept. 8-10

Conflict Theory's View of Education

            Reproduction & Legitimation

Wrap-up & Review for Exam

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Sept. 12                                    EXAM #1

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Part II: Key Issues and Concepts

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Stratification, Cultural & Social Capital

 

Readings: Coleman, “Social Capital

Dates                          Topics

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Sept. 15-22

Stratification in Educational Experience and Outcomes

Pierre Bourdieu: Cultural Capital, Cultural Reproduction

                                                James Coleman: Social Capital

                                    Film: “Merchants of Cool”

 

Readings: Lareau, "Family-School Relationships"; Fordham & Ogbu, “Acting White”; Hirsch, Chapters 3 and 4

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Sept. 24-29

Stratification by Class, Race, & Gender

Basil  Bernstein: Class, Codes, and Control

The Importance of Context: Historical, Cultural, Societal

                                    Public Education in the Context of Modernity

The Cultural Divide: Moderns and Anti-Moderns

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Oct. 1-3

The Progressive Era

                                    Rationalization & "Scientific" Management"

Social Efficiency" & the "Differentiated Curriculum"

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Note: No Class on Oct. 6th: Fall Break

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Oct. 6-8

Rationalization & Scientific Management (cont'd)

Redefining Democracy and Education

                                                The "Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education" (1918)

                                    Wrap-up & Review for Exam

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Oct. 10                                            EXAM #2

 

Readings: Hirsch, Chapter 5

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Oct. 13-15

The Differentiated Curriculum vs. The Academic Curriculum

The Rise of IQ Testing

                                    The Battle Over Curriculum & the Purposes of Public Education

                                    A New Role for Schooling: Creating a New Social Order

A Brief  Flirtation with the Soviet Union

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Oct. 17-20

The Rise of the "Activity Movement"

                                    Changing Curricular Content

Literature

                                                History

The Critics

                                    Post WWII & The Life Adjustment Curriculum

                                    The Beginning of the Contemporary "Reading Wars"

 

Readings: Hirsch, Chapters 6 and 7

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Oct. 22-24

The Current Waves of Reform: The Last Two Decades

                                    The Cultural Divide Revisited

 

Readings: Richard Mitchell, http://www.sourcetext.com/grammarian/

“Propositions 3 & 7” & “The End of the String”; A Nation at Risk, http://www.ed.gov/pubs/NatAtRisk/risk.html (first page only)

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Oct. 27-29

N.B.: Paper Drafts Due Oct. 29th

Critics & Crisis

                                    Richard Mitchell's The Graves of Academe

The Excellence Commission & A Nation at Risk (1983)

            The Central Concerns

 

Readings: http://www.ericfacility.net/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed304444.html

& http://www.carnegie.org/results/03/index.html (just the first three pages on the site)

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Oct. 31, Nov. 3-5

                                    The Carnegie Forum & A Nation Prepared (1986)

Education's Response

            Professionalization of Teaching

                        Career Ladders

                        National Board Certification

                                                            Professional Development Schools

Readings:

Finn, http://www-hoover.stanford.edu/publications/books/osof.html#toc, “Teacher

            Reform . . .” (just click on the hot linked page number next to the article name)

Lehman, http://www.pbs.org/weta/twoschools/thechallenge/history/, “Reading

            Wars”

 

Recommended, but not required, articles on the “reading wars”:

http://www.nrrf.org/article_anderson6-18-00.htm http://www.sntp.net/education/The_Reading_Wars.htm

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Nov. 7-14

                                                Education Responds

                                                Curricular Reform & The Reading Wars

Readings:

1. NC Dep’t of Public Instruction, “ABC’s of Public Education” (Read just up to “2000-2001 ABCs Accountability Model”) http://www.ncpublicschools.org/Accountability/reporting/ABCsHist.html http://www.ncpublicschools.org/abcs/03-04/04backgroundpacket.pdf

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Nov. 19-24

                                    The States Respond: The Accountability Movement

                                    The ABC’s of North Carolina

 

Readings: Hoxby, “What Has Changed,” & Peterson “Little Gain” http://www-hoover.stanford.edu/publications/books/osof.html#toc (just click on the hot linked page number next to the article name); U.S. Dep’t of Education, “Executive Summary of ‘No Child Left Behind’,” http://www.ed.gov/nclb/overview/intro/execsumm.html

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NO CLASS NOV. 26-28 THANKSGIVING BREAK

Happy Thanksgiving!

 

Dec. 1-3

 

                                    N.B. TERM PAPERS DUE NOV. 29TH

                                   

                                    The Current Situation        

                                    The Federal Government Weighs In

 

                                    Last Day of Class: Sum & Review

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FINAL EXAM: Monday, December 8th: 8:00-11:00 a.m.