Lecture 2: Networks & Circles in Cultural/Artistic Production
A. Characteristics of Networks
1. EMERGENT or INSTITUTED
a. Informal & Developing or Established Patterns
2. VISIBLE or less so
3. INTERSTITIAL or not
B. Characteristics of Circles (emergent, low visibility, interstitial)
1. no clear boundaries
2. indirect interaction
3. nucleus but no direct leadership
4. a lack of instituted structures and norms
5. non-identifiability of it as a collective whole ~~ invisibility
6. draped around other institutional and organizational structures
7. External Production Industry
C. Types of Circles
1. Utilitarian
2. Political Power and Influence
3. Integrative
4. Cultural
a. Intellectual
b. Movement
D. Characteristics of Movement Circles
1. emphasize creativity
2. "against" est'd principles or images
E. Stages of Movement Circles
1. first stage: inclusivity
a. 1st stage, 2nd phase: concern about boundary clarity
b. membership criteria
c. form a specific artistic vision
2. 2nd stage -- group begins to become the establishment
a. (the iron law of oligarchy)
b. standards more abstract and codified
c. now has identifiable core and periphery
3. 3rd stage: now the original rebels ARE the establishment
a. est'd institutional forms and forums -- journals
