Final Study Guide

Anthropology 207

Useful information:

--The final is on Monday, May 3 at 11:30 AM-2:30 PM in our usual classroom, SB 104.

--2/3 of the information on the final will be on subjects covered since the midterm. The remaining 1/3 will be on crucial subjects from the first half of the class.

Know the definitions of the following terms/people, and how they are important to archaeology:

Archaeology	Anthropology	Four-field approach
Archaeological culture	Culture	Franz Boas
Culture history	Processualism	Postprocessualism
Lewis Binford	Ian Hodder	Diffusionism
Stratigraphy	Principle of Superposition	Principle of Uniformitarianism
Band	Tribe	Chiefdom
Complex chiefdom	State	Primary state
Secondary state	Craft specialization	Household mode of production
Urbanization	Social stratification	Late Woodland
Hopewell	Middle Woodland	Lohmann phase
Eastern Horticultural Complex	Emergent Mississippian	Maize adoption
Cahokia	Stirling phase	Stable carbon isotope ratio
Platform mounds	Moorehead phase	Middle Mississippian
Big Bang Theory	Ramey incised pottery	Mound 72
Southeastern Ceremonial Complex	Arbitrary level	Natural level
Transects	Intrusive survey	Surface survey
Settlement pattern	Flotation	Shovel test pits (STPs)
Profile	Planview	Feature
Phase I excavation	Phase II excavation	Stratified random sample
Random sample	Systematic sample	Water-screening
Typology	Phase III excavation	Battleship curve
Seriation	Temporal type	Attribute
Morphological type	Frequency seriation	provenance
Relative dates	Radiocarbon dating	Dendrochronology
Absolute dates	Bristlecone pines	Tree-ring corrections
AMS dating	Historical archaeology	Systematic random sample
De Soto	First Contact	Protohistoric archaeology
Smallpox	Disease vector	Disease pool
Kennewick Man	NAGPRA	Slave archaeology

Think about the following issues and be prepared to write paragraphs about them:

Labwork, dating, and archaeological interpretation

How to date a site

Excavation strategies

Archaeological interpretation of culture and data

Survey strategies and landscape

Stratigraphy, chronology, and archaeology

Archaeology and politics

The spread of maize, and why people used it

The development of farming societies in North America—Hopewell, Late Woodland, and Mississippian

Why Europeans were able to destroy Native American cultures at contact with so few casualties.

Historical archaeology and why it’s important

Be able to use at least some of the following cultures as examples to discuss the above issues: Neolithic China, Dynastic China, Natufian/PPNA/PPNB, Hopewell, Mississippian.