Exam 2 Study Guide
Anthropology 105
The second exam is in class on Tuesday, March 23. A brief review session will take place on in class on Thursday, March 18.
Know the definitions of the following terms, taken from both readings and lecture:
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Anthropology |
Biological anthropology |
Natural selection |
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Evolution |
Phenotype |
Genotype |
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Trait |
Allele |
Adaptation |
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Gene |
neo-Darwinian synthesis |
Fitness |
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Variation |
Heritability |
Differential reproductive success |
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Chromosomes |
Mendelian genetics |
Mutation |
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Dominant |
Recessive |
Directional Selection |
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Sexual selection |
Stabilizing selection |
Disruptive Selection |
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Balanced polymorphism |
Genetic drift |
Founder’s effect |
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Mitochondrial DNA |
Reciprocal altruism |
Altruism |
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Inclusive fitness |
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Primate |
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Prosimian |
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Lesser Apes |
Great Apes |
Hominids |
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Hominoids |
Hominins |
Brachiation |
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Sexual dimorphism |
Orangoutangs |
Gorillas |
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Common Chimpanzees |
Bonobos |
Convergent evolution |
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Ardipithecus ramidus |
Australopithecines |
Gracile australopithecines |
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Robust australopithecines |
A. afarensis |
A. africanus |
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A. boisei |
A. robustus |
A. garhi |
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Genus homo |
Bipedalism |
Oldowan tools |
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Homo habilis |
Homo rudolfensis |
Homo ergaster |
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Homo erectus |
Homo heidelbergensis |
Homo neanderthalensis |
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Archaic Homo sapiens |
Homo sapiens |
Acheulian stone tools |
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Mousterian stone tools |
Call system |
Language |
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Stimulus independence |
Abstractness |
Productivity |
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Medium independence |
Power |
Arbitrariness |
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Displacement |
Wernicke’s area |
Broca’s area |
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Aphasia |
Canalization |
Kinesics |
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Phoneme |
Noam Chomsky |
Universal grammar |
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Morphology |
Sociolinguistics |
Historical linguistics |
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Sapir-Whorf hypothesis |
Doublespeak |
Bureaucratese |
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Jargon |
Foramen magnum |
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Think about the following issues and be prepared to write paragraphs about them:
Evolution, natural selection, and adaptation
Social structure, kinship, altruism, and resource dispersal
Social Darwinism and its effect on modern society
How natural selection works on both phenotype and genotype
Social patterns in primates and how they relate to anthropology
Why we study primates in Biological Anthropology
Early hominins
What is Language?
How do people communicate?
Can a nonhuman primate use language?
Kanzi
What are the natural and sufficient
conditions for natural selection?