Formation of Tenses in the SUBJUNCTIVE

 

PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

For regular formations your base is the 1st person singular present indicative.  Drop the -o; and for -ar verbs add -e endings, for -er and -ir verbs add -a endings.

           

hablar hablo    hable   hablemos                    aprender          aprendo           aprenda           aprendamos

                        hables habléis                                                                         aprendas         aprendáis

                        hable   hablen                                                                         aprenda           aprendan

 

vivir vivo           viva      vivamos                       salir                 salgo               salga               salgamos

                        vivas    viváis                                                                           salgas             salgáis

                        viva      vivan                                                                            salga               salgan

 

poner pongo    ponga              pongamos       some exceptions:

                        pongas            pongáis                                   ir          vaya, vayas, vaya, etc.

                        ponga              pongan                                    estar    esté, estés, esté, etc.

                                                                                                dar       dé, des, dé, etc.

                                                                                                saber   sepa, sepas, sepa, etc.

                                                                                                ser       sea, seas, sea, etc.

                                                                                                haber   haya, hayas, haya, etc.

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IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE

Your stem is derived from the 3rd person plural preterit.  Drop the -ron, and add -ra, -ras, ra, -'ramos, -rais, -ran (or -se, -ses, -se, -'semos, -seis, -sen).

 

hablar hablaron

aprender aprendieron

 

 

hablara

hablaras

hablara

habláramos

hablarais

hablaran

aprendiera aprendieras

aprendiera

aprendiéramos

aprendierais

aprendieran

 

vivir vivieron

 salir salieron

viviera

vivieras

viviera

viviéramos

vivierais

vivieran

saliera

salieras

saliera

saliéramos

salierais

salieran

           

poner pusieron

pusiera

pusieras

pusiera

pusiéramos

pusierais

pusieran

 

 

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PRESENT PERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE                                PLUPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE

Use present subjunctive of haber                                           Use imperfect subjunctive of

plus past participle                                                                  haber plus past participle

                                                                                               

            haya                                                                            hubiera

            hayas              hablado                                               hubieras          hablado

            haya                                                                            hubiera

                                                                                               

            hayamos                                                                     hubiéramos

            hayais              hablado                                               hubierais         hablado

            hayan                                                                          hubieran