Expectancy-Value Model

1.Cultural

milieu

2. Socializers’

behaviors

3. Past per-

formances

and events

Perceptions

of social

environment

Interpretations

and

attributions

for past

events

Goals

Task-specific

self-concept

Perceptions of

task difficulty

Task value

Expectancy

Choice

Persistence

Quantity of effort

Cognitive

engagement

Actual performance

Social World

Cognitive Processes

Motivational Beliefs

Achievement Behavior

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