Expressing existence

In-aminiate or Aminate exists at/in (place).

In-animate は/が (place) に　あります。 本がテーブルにあります。A book is at/on the table.

Animate は/が (place) に　います。　先生がくるまにいます。A teacher is at/in the car.

Expressing locations

Place = reference + の + positional word

Please indicate the reference point first before you mention the position. Remember to use particle to connect words. The word order is opposite to English expression such as “in front of a station” becomes “えき　の　前　(station in front)” in Japanese.

In-animate は/が (reference point + の + positional word) に　あります。　本がテーブルの上にあります。A book is on/above the table.

Animate は/が (reference point + の + positional word) に　います。　先生がくるまの前にいます。A teacher is in front of the car.

Listening and Speaking practices:

Positional words and Room (review included)

Positional words and Group Photo (Litening and Speaking)

Positional words and Group Photo (Speaking only)

Positional Words:

上（うえ）above; on; up	後ろ（うしろ） back; behind
下（した）under; below; down	間（あいだ） between；    AとBの間  between A and B
左（ひだり）left	向かい（むかい）facing; across from
右（みぎ）right	隣（となり） next to; next door；   "となりのトトロ"  Totoro Next Door (Anime)
中（なか）in;inside	そば nearby
外（そと）outside; out	回り（まわり） around
前（まえ）front, before	横（よこ）side；     右横（みぎよこ）on the right side　左横（on the left side)