MAT 495 - Seminar in Mathematics

http://www.tiddlywiki.com/
http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html

http://processing.tiddlyspot.com/
http://www.math.ist.utl.pt/~psoares/MathSVG.html

http://www.uncw.edu/reg/calendars-events.htm#Jun09

*Investigate how mathsvg and jsmath interact

[[Faculty Research Interests|http://www.uncw.edu/math/math_about_faculty_staff.html]]
<html>
<iframe src="http://www.uncw.edu/math/math_about_faculty_staff.html"
width=750 height=500">
</iframe>
</html>

An array is a list of data. Each piece of data in an array is identified by an index number representing its position in the array. Arrays are zero based, which means that the first element in the array is [0], the second element is [1], and so on. In this example, an array named "coswav" is created and filled with the cosine values. This data is displayed three separate ways on the screen.

<<Processing 

size(200, 200);

float[] coswave = new float[width];

for(int i=0; i<width; i++) {
  float ratio = (float)i/(float)width;
  coswave[i] = abs( cos(ratio*PI) );
}

for(int i=0; i<width; i++) {
  stroke(coswave[i]*255);
  line(i, 0, i, width/3);
}

for(int i=0; i<width; i++) {
  stroke(coswave[i]*255/4);
  line(i, width/3, i, width/3*2);
}

for(int i=0; i<width; i++) {
  stroke(255-coswave[i]*255);
  line(i, width/3*2, i, height);
}

>>

Taken from [[basic/array.html|http://ejohn.org/apps/processing.js/examples/basic/array.html]]

Please refresh/reload the webpage to see the latest updates to the site.
<<tabs Assignments
Homework "Homework" [[Assignments/Homework]]
Tests "Tests" [[Assignments/Tests]]
>>
<part Homework hidden>
*Homework 1
*Homework 2
*Homework 3
*Homework 4
*Homework 5
</part>
<part Tests hidden>
*Midterm
*Final Exam
</part>

!Advantages of presentations over written papers
*Understanding can be conveyed in ways that would be considered too simplified for a paper.
*Ideas in progress can be explained and useful feedback obtained from the audience.
*Personal experience and viewpoints can be efficiently communicated to the audience.

!Organization
Organized presentations allow the audience to follow the thoughts of the speaker with greater ease. Most presentations will include an introduction, body, and conclusion, each with some elaboration.
*Introduction
**Survey of background
**Description of relevance
**Statement of core message: problem and solution
*Body
**Illustration of definitions and notation through examples
**Explanation of method or theorem
**Application via simulation or construction
*Conclusion
**Analysis of investigative results
**Summary of main points
**Restatement of core message

!Design
Presentation slides are a form of visual communication, and should generally support rather than dominate oral delivery. Since the audience will tend to prioritize reading of slides over listening to the speaker, a presentation is often enhanced by keeping material on slides focused and easily readable.
*Use legible fonts and colors.
*Economize word usage by following the four by four rule.
*Reinforce spoken explanations with visual representations.
*Provide transitional slides between sections.

!Delivery
Oral delivery of a presentation has the advantage of providing for immediacy of connection with the audience. However, a listener is unable to pause, review, or fast forward, so the speaker must take special care to reinforce meaning and direction.
*Make eye contact with the audience.
*Speak slowly, clearly, and loudly.
*Emphasize key concepts by repetition.
*Signal transitions by varying voice pitch and rhythm.

!Reading Mathematics
A large part of the work of a mathematics writer who desires to communicate effectively is to keep in mind the needs of the reader. It is instructive then to consider first strategies for reading mathematics.

!!Frame of mind
Achievement of understanding of mathematics writing is not a spectator activity. One must be prepared to work with the ideas directly, testing mathematical assertions with the mathematician's working tools of pencil and paper (and sometimes computer and caffeinated beverage as well).

!!Interaction
*''Find concrete examples''
**Whenever you see a definition or theorem, stop and imagine the simplest nontrivial example you can think of which satisfies the conditions of the definition or the statement of the theorem. In the discussion that follows (often in the proof of the theorem), check each of the author's statements against your example.
*''Draw pictures''
**As new notation is introduced, draw pictures depicting the objects and their relationships. This will help you remember them later, and help you understand the author's reasoning.
*''Try to do it yourself''
**Before reading any proof, stop for a moment and try to prove it yourself. You probably won't succeed, but the exercise will prepare you to understand the author's proof. You will more clearly understand the meaning of the statement being proved, and the hurdles which must be overcome.
*''Read iteratively''
**Mathematics is not read linearly like other prose. Instead, it is read in a sequence of increasingly detailed passes. First, skim the text to get the basic structure of ideas. Then go back and try to fill in the details. If a particular statement does not make sense, do not get stuck on it. It may make more sense when you come back to it again later, after seeing what follows. Expect to read a proof at least three or four times before it starts to make sense.
*''Find the big idea''
**Most proofs are motivated by some intuition or picture in the author's mind. Often, this picture is kept secret. Try to figure out what this picture is. Once you have the picture, the mysterious technicalities of the proof may suddenly become transparent.
*''Question necessity''
**At each stage of working through the mathematics, ask, "Is this necessary? Could this be done in a simpler way?" The answer is probably "no", but in discovering why the answer is "no", you will achieve a deeper mathematical understanding.

----

!Writing Mathematics
To the extent that you keep in mind the needs of the reader, you can write about mathematics in a way that makes it easier for the reader to interact with the text.

!!Words versus Symbols
Mathematical prose relies heavily on symbols, but symbolism should never replace sentences. Effective communication requires sentences which are complete and grammatically correct.

Mathematical symbols are used to represent complex formulae or long-winded phrases which appear repeatedly in the text. By introducing a new symbol, the author avoids constantly rewriting these formulae (and the reader avoids constantly re-reading them). When used judiciously, symbolism can enhance clarity. Mathematical symbols should only be used in this way.

Introducing new symbols can simplify the exposition, but at a cost: it increases the burden on the reader's memory. Only introduce new symbols if the benefit outweighs the cost.

Any sequence of symbols should read like a fragment of an English sentence (e.g., "a∈B⊂C" means "a is an element of B, which is a subset of C"). Thus, mathematical symbols should be surrounded by enough English words to form a complete sentence. If a mathematical assertion is nothing but symbols, it is not readable.

There are some frequently used phrases which indicate the logical role which an assertion plays in your argument.

Appropriate use of these words can greatly clarify an argument. Omitting them can utterly obscure it. A common mistake of novices is to write a "proof" consisting of a sequence of naked mathematical assertions, with not a single word explaining their logical role. This is impossible to read: it is impossible to know which assertions are hypotheses, which are consequences of these hypotheses, and which are conclusions.

!!Notation
Good notation leads to effective communication, and depends upon three principles: Simplicity, Mimesis, and Consistency.

*''Notational Simplicity''
**//Notational form should include only essential ornamentation.//
***Avoid attaching extra subscripts, superscripts, tildes, hats, primes, arguments, or other dongles, unless they are strictly necessary to avoid ambiguity.
*''Notational Mimesis''
**//Notational relationships should reflect mathematical relationships.//
***Use a specific font to denote objects of a particular type; use letters which stand for descriptive words; use alphabetically consecutive letters to denote similar objects; use letters from the same lexicographical family to denote objects which belong together.
*''Notational Consistency''
**//Notational conventions should be followed throughout the text.//
***Decide at the outset what conventions will be used, and stick to them.

!!Proof
A mathematical proof should be broken down into distinct modules, each of which solves a particular problem or accomplishes a particular goal.

Each module should begin by clearly stating its goal. Avoid presenting a confusing mass of technicalities, only to explain at the end what it was all about.

A module should have a logical development like a proper essay: distinct paragraphs, each developing a distinct idea, and each logically flowing into the next.

Often a proof has a hierarchical structure, with submodules nested within modules. This hierarchical structure should be explicitly visible in the page layout.

Most proofs employ certain basic strategies:

*''Modus Ponens''
**Latin for "method of putting." It is the basic mathematical maneuver.
**General schema: "A implies B. We know A; therefore, we conclude B."
*''Modus Tollens''
**Latin for "method of taking."
**General schema: "A implies B. We know B is false; therefore, we conclude A must be false."
*''Reductio ad Absurdum''
**Latin for "reduction to absurdity" and often called //proof by contradiction//.
**General schema: We want to prove X. We begin by assuming not X, and derive a contradiction -- something we know to be false. Thus, we conclude that not X must be false, so that X must be true.
*''Mathematical Induction''
**The idea of induction is to provide an automatic method whereby a big problem can be reduced to a slightly smaller problem. By iteratively applying this method, we can eventually reduce the big problem to a very simple one. We then solve the simple problem, and the solution of the original problem follows.
**General schema: To prove a statement P(n) is true for all natural numbers n, first prove the base case, that P(1) is true, and then prove the induction step, that P(n-1) implies P(n).
*''Dichotomy''
**Greek for "cutting in two," sometimes called divide-and-conquer or case-by-case analysis.

''Acknowledgement:'' These best practices in mathematics writing are modified from a document prepared for students at Trent University.

*Instructor
**Dr. Michael Freeze
*Class meeting time
**Wednesdays, 12:00-12:50p in Bear 164
*Office Location
**Bear Hall 124
*Office Hours
**by appointment
*Phone
**910.795.1385
*Email
**freezem at uncw dot edu

All shapes drawn to the screen have a position that is specified as a coordinate. All coordinates are measured as the distance from the origin in units of pixels. The origin [0, 0] is the coordinate is in the upper left of the window and the coordinate in the lower right is [width-1, height-1].

<<Processing 

// Sets the screen to be 200, 200, so the width of the window is 200 pixels
// and the height of the window is 200 pixels
size(200, 200);
background(0);
noFill();
stroke(255);

// The two parameters of the point() method each specify coordinates.
// This call to point() draws at the position [100, 100]
point(width/2, height/2);

// Draws to the position [100, 50]
point(width/2, height/4); 

// It is also possible to specify a point with any parameter, 
// but only coordinates on the screen are visible
point(60, 30);
point(60, 134);
point(160, 50);
point(280, -800);
point(201, 100);

// Coordinates are used for drawing all shapes, not just points.
// Parameters for different methods are used for different purposes.
// For example, the first two parameters to line() specify the coordinates of the 
// first point and the second two parameters specify the second point
stroke(204);
line(0, 73, width, 73);

// The first two parameters to rect() are coordinates
// and the second two are the width and height
rect(110, 55, 40, 36);

>>

Taken from [[basic/coordinates.html|http://ejohn.org/apps/processing.js/examples/basic/coordinates.html]]

!Course Description
This is a one credit course. Your goal is to investigate a mathematical topic in depth and to present a talk on this topic in an open forum at the end of the current semester. During the course you will learn how to write an mathematical report and prepare a mathematical presentation. You will do this with the guidance of the instructor and under the supervision of at most one other member of the department (referred to here as the //advisor//). This course counts towards the Oral Competency and Applied Learning requirements.

!Course Goals
Students will gain experience in working on their own outside the classroom, carefully reading and understanding mathematical literature, organizing and writing a mathematical paper, and giving a mathematical talk. The student will choose a paper in the mathematics literature in line with the student's background. Students will apply and synthesize knowledge from their previous course work. They will demonstrate these goals while learning to communicate mathematical ideas as they revise both their paper and presentation.

!Attendance
Students are required to meet with the instructor on the assigned dates (as well as at any other mutually arranged times) and to attend all of the student presentations. Students are also expected to meet with their advisor several times a month throughout the term. Failing to meet any of these requirements may be grounds for receiving an F in this course.

!Assessment
Your grades will be based upon your paper, presentation and punctuality in completing all assigned work. Evaluation of both the written paper and the oral presentation will be conducted by the instructor. Your advisor or an additional faculty member present at the talk may also be called upon for input. These evaluations will be based on the criteria described in the sections [[Paper]] and [[Presentation]].

Your final grade will be based on
|Presentation | 40% |
|Paper | 30% |
|Attendance | 20% |
|Adherence to Schedule | 10% |

!Academic Expectations
You are expected to follow the academic Honor Code as covered in the UNCW Student Handbook. Please note that plagiarism, a form of academic dishonesty in which you take someone else's ideas and represent them as your own, is a specific violation of the Honor Code.
!Federal Americans with Disabilities Act
Students with diagnosed disabilities should contact the Office of Disability Services. Please give me, within the first week of class or as soon as possible, a copy of the letter you receive from Office of Disability Services detailing class accommodations you may need. If you require accommodation for test-taking please make sure I have the referral letter no less than three days before the test.
!Violence and Harassment
UNCW practices a zero tolerance policy for any kind of violent or harassing behavior. If you are experiencing an emergency of this type contact the police at 911 or UNCW CARE at 962-2273. Resources for individuals concerned with a violent or harassing situation can be located at http://www.uncw.edu/wsrc/crisis.html.
!Campus Respect Compact
UNCW has recently instituted a Respect Compact to affirm our commitment to a civil community characterized by mutual respect. A copy of the Respect Compact is affixed to the wall of each classroom and can be accessed at http://www.uncw.edu/stuaff/pdc/documents/SeahawkRespectCompact.pdf . Individuals desiring more information about the Respect Compact should contact the Office of Institutional Diversity and Inclusion.

[[Schedule]]

{{center{
Secant line of $\left\{\begin{array}{l l}
x^2, & \textrm{if } x < 1 \\
x^2+1, & \textrm{if } x \ge 1
\end{array}\right.$  at $a=1$
}}}
(:graph(center,{width:250,height:250,scales:[-2.5,2.5,-0.7,3]})
dynamic.click = function() {
  a=SVG.mouse[0];
  fa2 = f2(a);
  setOptions({stroke:"blue",markerstroke:"blue"});
  line([a,fa2],[a,0],{id:"apos",marker:"*-*",label:["P","a"],pos:["w","n"],strokedasharray: "10,10"});
  m = (f2(a+0.01)-fa2)/0.01;
  c = fa2-m*a;
  if (a!=1) plot("m*x+c",{min:-2.5,max:2.5,id:"tangent",points:2,strokedasharray:"none", stroke:"red", strokewidth:2});
};

dynamic.update = function() {
  fb2 = f2(b);
  setOptions({stroke: "green",markerstroke: "green"});
  line([b,fb2],[b,0],{id:"xpos",marker:"*-*",label:["Q","x"],pos:["e","n"],strokedasharray: "10,10"});
  if (abs(b-a)>0.000001) m = (fb2-fa2)/(b-a);
  else m = (f2(a+0.01)-fa2)/0.01;
  c = fa2-m*a;
  plot("m*x+c",{min:-2.5,max:2.5,id:"secant",points:2,strokedasharray:"none", strokewidth:2});
  text([-2.5,-0.6],"slope = "+m.toFixed(2),{pos:"ne",id:"slope"});
  b = SVG.mouse[0];
};

axes();
setAction("mousemove",dynamic.update);
setAction("click",dynamic.click);
f2=function(x){return (x < 1?x*x:x*x+1)};
plot(f2,{steps:[1],leftMarkers:"o",rightMarkers:"*"});
a = 1;
b = 0.8;
dynamic.click();
dynamic.update();
:)

/***
|Name|ExternalTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExternalTiddlersPlugin|
|Documentation|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExternalTiddlersPluginInfo|
|Version|1.3.1|
|Author|Eric Shulman|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <br>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires|TemporaryTiddlersPlugin (optional, recommended)|
|Overrides|config.macros.tiddler.handler|
|Options|##Configuration|
|Description|retrieve and wikify content from external files or remote URLs|
This plugin extends the {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro syntax so you can retrieve and wikify content directly from external files or remote URLs.  You can also define alternative "fallback" sources to provide basic "import on demand" handling by automatically creating/importing tiddler content from external sources when the specified ~TiddlerName does not already exist in your document.
!!!!!Documentation
>see [[ExternalTiddlersPluginInfo]]
!!!!!Configuration
<<<
<<option chkExternalTiddlersImport>> automatically create/import tiddlers when using external fallback references
{{{usage: <<option chkExternalTiddlersImport>>}}}
<<option chkExternalTiddlersQuiet>> don't display messages when adding tiddlers ("quiet mode")
{{{usage: <<option chkExternalTiddlersQuiet>>}}}
<<option chkExternalTiddlersTemporary>> tag retrieved tiddlers as 'temporary'(requires [[TemporaryTiddlersPlugin]])
{{{usage: <<option chkExternalTiddlersTemporary>>}}}
tag retrieved tiddlers with: <<option txtExternalTiddlersTags>>
{{{usage: <<option txtExternalTiddlersTags>>}}}

__password-protected server settings //(optional, if needed)//:__
>username: <<option txtRemoteUsername>> password: <<option txtRemotePassword>>
>{{{usage: <<option txtRemoteUsername>> <<option txtRemotePassword>>}}}
>''note: these settings are also used by [[LoadTiddlersPlugin]] and [[ImportTiddlersPlugin]]''
<<<
!!!!!Revisions
<<<
2008.10.27 [1.3.1] in insertTiddler(), fixed Safari bug by replacing static Array.concat(...) with new Array().concat(...)
|please see [[ExternalTiddlersPluginInfo]] for additional revision details|
2007.11.25 [1.0.0] initial release - moved from CoreTweaks
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.ExternalTiddlersPlugin= {major: 1, minor: 3, revision: 1, date: new Date(2008,10,27)};

// optional automatic import/create for missing tiddlers
if (config.options.chkExternalTiddlersImport==undefined) config.options.chkExternalTiddlersImport=true;
if (config.options.chkExternalTiddlersTemporary==undefined) config.options.chkExternalTiddlersTemporary=true;
if (config.options.chkExternalTiddlersQuiet==undefined) config.options.chkExternalTiddlersQuiet=false;
if (config.options.txtExternalTiddlersTags==undefined) config.options.txtExternalTiddlersTags="external";
if (config.options.txtRemoteUsername==undefined) config.options.txtRemoteUsername="";
if (config.options.txtRemotePassword==undefined) config.options.txtRemotePassword="";

config.macros.tiddler.externalTiddlers_handler = config.macros.tiddler.handler;
config.macros.tiddler.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
	params = paramString.parseParams("name",null,true,false,true);
	var names = params[0]["name"];
	var list = names[0];
	var items = list.split("|"); 
	var className = names[1] ? names[1] : null;
	var args = params[0]["with"];

	// UTILITY FUNCTIONS
	function extract(text,tids) { // get tiddler source content from plain text or TW doc
		if (!text || !tids || !tids.length) return text; // no text or no tiddler list... return text as-is
		var remoteStore=new TiddlyWiki();
		if (!remoteStore.importTiddlyWiki(text)) return text; // not a TW document... return text as-is
		var out=[]; for (var t=0;t<tids.length;t++)
			{ var txt=remoteStore.getTiddlerText(tids[t]); if (txt) out.push(txt); }
		return out.join("\n");
	}
	function substitute(text,args) { // replace "substitution markers" ($1-$9) with macro param values (if any)
		if (!text || !args || !args.length) return text;
		var n=args.length; if (n>9) n=9;
		for(var i=0; i<n; i++) { var re=new RegExp("\\$" + (i + 1),"mg"); text=text.replace(re,args[i]); }
		return text;
	}
	function addTiddler(src,text,tids) { // extract tiddler(s) from text and create local copy
		if (!config.options.chkExternalTiddlersImport) return; // not enabled... do nothing
		if (!text || !tids || !tids.length) return; // no text or no tiddler list... do nothing
		var remoteStore=new TiddlyWiki();
		if (!remoteStore.importTiddlyWiki(text)) // not a TW document... create a single tiddler from text
			makeTiddler(src,text,tids[0]);
		else // TW document with "permaview-like" suffix... copy tiddler(s) from remote store
			for (var t=0;t<tids.length;t++)
				insertTiddler(src,remoteStore.getTiddler(tids[t]));
		return;
	}
	function makeTiddler(src,text,title) { // create a new tiddler object from text
		var who=config.options.txtUserName; var when=new Date();
		var msg="/%\n\nThis tiddler was automatically created using ExternalTiddlersPlugin\n";
		msg+="by %0 on %1\nsource: %2\n\n%/";
		var tags=config.options.txtExternalTiddlersTags.readBracketedList();
		if (config.options.chkExternalTiddlersTemporary) tags.pushUnique(config.options.txtTemporaryTag); 
		store.saveTiddler(null,title,msg.format([who,when,src])+text,who,when,tags,{});
		if (!config.options.chkExternalTiddlersQuiet) displayMessage("Created new tiddler '"+title+"' from text file "+src);
	}
	function insertTiddler(src,t) { // import a single tiddler object into the current document store
		if (!t) return;
		var who=config.options.txtUserName; var when=new Date();
		var msg="/%\n\nThis tiddler was automatically imported using ExternalTiddlersPlugin\n";
		msg+="by %0 on %1\nsource: %2\n\n%/";
		var newtags=new Array().concat(t.tags,config.options.txtExternalTiddlersTags.readBracketedList());
		if (config.options.chkExternalTiddlersTemporary) newtags.push(config.options.txtTemporaryTag);
		store.saveTiddler(null,t.title,msg.format([who,when,src])+t.text,t.modifier,t.modified,newtags,t.fields);
		if (!config.options.chkExternalTiddlersQuiet) displayMessage("Imported tiddler '"+t.title+"' from "+src);
	}
	function getGUID()  // create a Globally Unique ID (for async reference to DOM elements)
		 { return new Date().getTime()+Math.random().toString(); }

	// loop through "|"-separated list of alternative tiddler/file/URL references until successful
	var fallback="";
	for (var i=0; i<items.length; i++) { var src=items[i];
		// if tiddler (or shadow) exists, replace reference list with current source name and apply core handler
		if (store.getTiddlerText(src)) {
			arguments[2][0]=src; // params[] array
			var p=arguments[4].split(list); arguments[4]=p[0]+src+p[1]; // paramString
			this.externalTiddlers_handler.apply(this,arguments);
			break; // stop processing alternatives
		}
		// tiddler doesn't exist, and not an external file/URL reference... skip it
		if (!config.formatterHelpers.isExternalLink(src)) {
			if (!fallback.length) fallback=src; // title to use when importing external tiddler
			continue;
		}
		// separate 'permaview' list of tiddlers (if any) from file/URL (i.e., '#name name name..." suffix)
		var p=src.split("#"); src=p[0]; var tids=p[1]?p[1].readBracketedList(false):[];
		// if reference is to a remotely hosted document or the current document is remotely hosted...
		if (src.substr(0,4)=="http" || document.location.protocol.substr(0,4)=="http") {
			if (src.substr(0,4)!="http") // fixup URL for relative remote references
				{ var h=document.location.href; src=h.substr(0,h.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+src; }
			var wrapper = createTiddlyElement(place,"span",getGUID(),className); // create placeholder for async rendering
			var callback=function(success,params,text,src,xhr) { // ASYNC CALLBACK
				if (!success) { displayMessage(xhr.status); return; } // couldn't read remote file... report the error 
				if (params.fallback.length)
					addTiddler(params.url,text,params.tids.length?params.tids:[params.fallback]); // import tiddler
				var wrapper=document.getElementById(params.id); if (!wrapper) return; 
				wikify(substitute(extract(text,params.tids),params.args),wrapper); // ASYNC RENDER
			};
			var callbackparams={ url:src, id:wrapper.id, args:args, tids:tids, fallback:fallback }  // ASYNC PARAMS
			var name=config.options.txtRemoteUsername; // optional value
			var pass=config.options.txtRemotePassword; // optional value
			var x=doHttp("GET",src,null,null,name,pass,callback,callbackparams,null)
			if (typeof(x)=="string") // couldn't start XMLHttpRequest... report error
				{ displayMessage("error: cannot access "+src); displayMessage(x); }
			break; // can't tell if async read will succeed.... stop processing alternatives anyway.
		}
		else { // read file from local filesystem
			var text=loadFile(getLocalPath(src));
			if (!text) { // couldn't load file... fixup path for relative reference and retry...
				var h=document.location.href;
				var text=loadFile(getLocalPath(decodeURIComponent(h.substr(0,h.lastIndexOf("/")+1)))+src);
			}
			if (text) { // test it again... if file was loaded OK, render it in a class wrapper
				if (fallback.length) // create new tiddler using primary source name (if any)
					addTiddler(src,text,tids.length?tids:[fallback]);
				var wrapper=createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,className);
				wikify(substitute(extract(text,tids),args),wrapper); // render
				break; // stop processing alternatives
			}
		}
	}
};
//}}}

|Name|ExternalTiddlersPluginInfo|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExternalTiddlersPlugin|
|Documentation|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExternalTiddlersPluginInfo|
|Version|1.3.1|
|Author|Eric Shulman|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <br>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|documentation|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|documentation for ExternalTiddlersPlugin|
This plugin extends the {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro syntax so you can retrieve and wikify content directly from external files or remote URLs.  You can also define alternative "fallback" sources to provide basic "import on demand" handling by automatically creating/importing tiddler content from external sources when the specified ~TiddlerName does not already exist in your document.
!!!!!Configuration
>see ExternalTiddlersPlugin
!!!!!Usage
<<<
The standard TiddlyWiki core syntax for the {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro is:
>{{{<<tiddler TiddlerName with: param param param ...>>}}}
where the optional {{{with: param param param...}}} values are used to replace any corresponding "substitution markers" ($1 to $9) that may be embedded in the referenced tiddler content.

This plugin allows the {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro to ''use external file/URL references in place of the usual ~TiddlerName parameter'', so that you can render wiki-formatted source content retrieved from an external file/URL reference (as determined by the core's isExternalLink() test function), ''//as if// it had come from a tiddler in the current document''.  The external file/URL can be either ''a relative or absolute reference'' and can contain ''"plain text" or a full TiddlyWiki document''.  When using a TiddlyWiki document, you must specify which tiddlers should be included in the output by appending a permaview-like suffix to the file or URL reference, e.g.:
>{{{<<tiddler "myfile.txt" with: param param param...>>}}}
>or
>{{{<<tiddler "myfile.html#TiddlerName TiddlerName..." with: param param param...>>}}}
>or
>{{{<<tiddler "http://www.TiddlyWiki.com/index.html#HelloThere" with: param param param...>>}}}
If the plugin-enhanced {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro is unable to retrieve the external content --  perhaps because the file doesn't exist or doesn't contain the requested tiddler(s), or cross-domain security blocked file access, or the network/server "timed out", etc., -- then it produces no output (i.e., just as when the standard {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro is given a ~TiddlerName does not exist in the current document.)
<<<
!!!!!Using alternative "fallback" references
<<<
In addition to using external file/URL references in place of the usual ~TiddlerName, the plugin also allows you to use a ''fallback list'' consisting of a combination of alternative sources: tiddlers, local files, and/or URL references, each separated by "|".  The first reference in a fallback list is the "primary source"; the remaining references are "fallback sources".  The plugin will attempt to retrieve content from each fallback source until one is successfully retrieved or all alternatives have been tried.

For example, if you create a tiddler called [[HelloThere]], as well as a remotely-hosted TW document containing a published tiddler, also called [[HelloThere]], then you can write:
>{{{<<tiddler [[HelloThere|http://www.TiddlyWiki.com/#HelloThere]]>>}}}
When [[HelloThere]] is present in the local document, it is processed in the normal manner.  However, if you delete the  local [[HelloThere]] tiddler, the plugin will attempt to retrieve the [[HelloThere]] tiddler from the indicated remote URL.

Please note: although you can list any number of alternative sources, in whatever order you prefer, retrieval from a remote URL occurs asynchronously via XMLHttpRequest() processing.  As a consequence, there can be ''no more than one remote URL reference in the fallback list'', and any alternatives that follow a remote URL reference will not be processed.
<<<
!!!!!Automatically import/create missing tiddlers
<<<
When content is retrieved from an external fallback source, the plugin can automatically import/create tiddler(s) containing that content into your document, allowing you to display, modify, save and/or search for text in that tiddler from within your own document, without needing to retrieve it again from the external source.

If no local ~TiddlerName(s) are specified in the fallback list (i.e., only direct file/URL references are present), then a tiddler will NOT be created, so that each time you render the tiddler display the external source will be re-read in order to render the most recently saved external file content.  To illustrate using the example from above:
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{{{<<tiddler [[HelloThere|http://www.TiddlyWiki.com/#HelloThere]]>>}}}
will automatically create a locally-stored [[HelloThere]] tiddler, so that the external source is only accessed the first time the content is rendered, while:
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{{{<<tiddler [[http://www.TiddlyWiki.com/#HelloThere]]>>}}}
will re-load the content from the external source each time the display is rendered.

For easy identification, any tiddlers that are automatically created/imported are tagged with <<tag external>> (or other custom-defined tag values).  These tiddlers can also be automatically tagged with <<tag temporary>> for use with [[TemporaryTiddlersPlugin]], which will skip over those tiddlers when saving changes to your document so that when you reload the document, the temporary tiddlers will no longer be present and will be retrieved anew from the external source, on demand, when (or if) they are needed.  Important reminder: ''If you modify a temporary tiddler and want to retain it in your local document, be sure to remove the <<tag temporary>> tag from the tiddler before saving.''
<<<
!!!!!~XMLHttpRequest: performance and security issues
<<<
This plugin uses asynchronous XMLHttpRequest() processing to access external content directly from URLs hosted on remote web servers.  This often creates delays ranging from mere moments to many minutes while waiting for the remote web server to transfer the requested file.  This performance can vary greatly depending upon the size of the remote file, how the remote server responds to repeated requests for the same URL (e.g, with a //"304 - no change"// response code), as well as how your ''browser's cache mechanism'' has been configured (to avoid repeated downloads).

In addition to server-originated delays, ''cross-domain access from one remote domain to another using XMLHttpRequest() processing is generally restricted for security reasons''.  As a result, if you publish your document to a remote web server, then external file/URL references contained in that document will not work if they are not located on the same server as the hosted document.

Fortunately, this security restriction does NOT usually apply when accessing remote URLs rendered into a locally-viewed document, since blocking such access would interfere with normal browser functions!  As a "rule of thumb", in order to ensure that external content included in server-hosted documents will be displayed as intended, you should ''always use either a relative path/file reference or an http: reference located on the same domain as the published document.'' for any document you intend to publish.

Note: Some hosting providers, such as http://www.TiddlySpot.com/ offer ''"proxy" services that may allow you to bypass the security restrictions'' for certain designated remote web sites.  Consult your hosting service for information regarding their proxy arrangments (if any).
<<<
!!!!!Revisions
<<<
2008.10.27 [1.3.1] in insertTiddler(), fixed Safari bug by replacing static Array.concat(...) with new Array().concat(...)
2008.01.08 [*.*.*] plugin size reduction: documentation moved to ExternalTiddlersPluginInfo
2008.01.03 [1.3.0] use lower-level doHttp() instead loadRemoteFile() so that optional username/password values can be used in XMLHttpRequest
2007.12.22 [1.2.2] in handler(), when reading from local file with relative path fixup, use decodeURIComponent() instead of decodeURI 
2007.11.30 [1.2.1] lots of code/docmentation cleanup.  renamed option cookies.  changed auto tag value to "external".
2007.11.27 [1.2.0] added support for automatically importing external tiddlers
2007.11.26 [1.1.1] improved XMLHttpRequest() error reporting for cross-domain security issues
2007.11.26 [1.1.0] added support for multiple alternative fallback references
2007.11.25 [1.0.0] initial release - moved from CoreTweaks
<<<

(:graph(center,{width:200,height:200,scales:[-1.1,1.1],coords: 'none'})
a = []
n = 9
 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 a[i] = [cos(PI/4*(-1)*i+PI/2),
 sin(PI/4*(-1)*i+PI/2)]
path([a[0],a[3],a[6],a[1],a[4],a[7],a[2],a[5],
 a[0],a[4],a[5],a[1],a[2],a[6],a[7],a[3]])
path(a,{marker:"oo",markerfill:"orange"})
:)
(:graph({width:250,height:250,scales:[-10,10]})
axes({dx:2});
polarPlot("x/PI",{min:0,max:10*PI,stroke:"red"});
:)

A famous result due to [[Euler|http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Euler.html]] in ~LaTeX: $\sum_{n=1}^{+\infty}{\frac1{n^2}=\frac{\pi^2}6$
and again as a centered equation using {{{$$ ... $$}}}$$\sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} \frac{1}{n^2}=\frac{\pi^2}{6}.$$
or using {{{\[ ... \]}}} \[\sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} \frac{1}{n^2}=\frac{\pi^2}{6}.\]
Here is a graph of $x-\frac{x^3}{6}$ and $\sin(x)$

(:graph({width:600,height:300,scales:[-6.29,6.29]})
grid({dx:1,stroke:"green"});
axes({marker:">"});
plot("sin(x)",{stroke:"red"})
plot("x-pow(x,3)/6",{min:-4,max:4,stroke:"blue", strokedasharray:"10,10"})
text([-2,-2.5],"Close friends near 0!",{id:"rot",fontsize:18,fill:"orange"});
rotate("rot",PI/18,{center:[-5,-3]});
:)
and a diagram illustrating why Pythagoras' Theorem holds:

(:graph({width:400,height:150,scales:[-4,4,1,4],coords:"none"})
setOptions({fill:"yellow"});
rect([1,1],[4,4])
rect([-4,1],[-1,4])
setOptions({fill:"red"});
rect([-2,1],[-1,2])
setOptions({fill:"blue"});
rect([-4,2],[-2,4])
setOptions({fill:"green"});
path([[1,2],[2,4],[4,3],[3,1],[1,2]])
setOptions({fill:"none"});
path([[-4,1],[-2,2],[-1,4]])
:)

(:graph({width:120,height:120,scales:[-0.5,1.5,-0.5,1.5],coords:"none"})
a=[0,1];
b=[1,1];
c=[1,0];
d=[0,0];
path([b,d,a,c]);
path([a,b,c,d],{marker:"ooo",markerfill:"yellow",label:["a","b","c","d"],pos:["nw","ne","se","sw"]});
text([.5,-0.5],"$K_4$",{pos:"n"})
:)

There are many implementations of ~LaTeX currently available. ~LaTeX runs on many operating systems, however these installation instructions are for MS Windows.  

There are two pieces. The main packages for running ~LaTeX are at [[MiKTeX|http://www.miktex.org/]].  You will also need an editor to compose and create your documents.  Here we provide directions for downloading ~MiKTeX and Texmaker, which are provided on the computers in the Mathematics and Statistics labs.
#Go to the [[MikTeX setup site|http://www.miktex.org/2.8/setup]] then scroll down and select ''Download "Basic ~MiKTeX 2.8" Installer''. 
#After ~MiKTeX is installed, go to the [[Texmaker download site|http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html]] to get the editor.  Download ''Texmaker 1.9.2 for Windows''.
#When you start Texmaker, you may need to set the path for ~MikTeX through the Options/Configure toolbar item.

For additional help see [[Getting Started with TeX, LaTeX, and Friends|http://www.tug.org/begin.html]] or [[Dr. Russell Herman's LaTeX site|http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/latex/]].

First look at the [[general LaTeX example pdf|resources/general-latex-example.pdf]].

The source for the pdf example is as follows:
<html>
<iframe src="resources/general-latex-example.txt" style="width:100%;height:400px"></iframe>
</html>

Reproduce the expressions indicated in the [[LaTeX math expressions|resources/latex-math-expressions.pdf]] file using the following source as a starting point.

<html>
<iframe src="resources/latex-practice.txt" style="width:100%;height:400px"></iframe>
</html>

You should download the following files either to your usb drive or to a personal folder, and then open them in ~TeXMaker or another editor.
*[[General LaTeX example|resources/general-latex-example.tex]]
*[[General article example|resources/general-article.tex]]
*[[General beamer example|resources/general-beamer.tex]] | [[eps image file|resources/Bsd.eps]]

The University Learning Center, located on the first floor of Westside Hall, provides tutoring for basic studies mathematics and statistics courses.  Math Services also provides course-specific review and problem sessions, and help with math study skills and math anxiety.

No appointment is needed during open lab hours.

Web: [[www.uncw.edu/stuaff/uls|http://www.uncw.edu/stuaff/uls]]
Phone: 962-7857
Email: ULC@uncw.edu

[[Schedule]]
[[CoursePolicies]]
[[ContactInformation]]
<<toggleSideBar '' '' hide>>

/***
|''Name:''|MathSVGPlugin|
|''Description:''|This plugin translates a subset of the LaTeX math notation to MathML with a customisable  image fallback when MathML is not supported. It also provides an easy way to produce mathematical SVG graphics with dynamical features and animation.|
|''Version:''|1.1|
|''Date:''|2009-05-05|
|''Source:''|http://www.math.ist.utl.pt/~psoares/mathsvg.html|
|''Author:''|Paulo Soares|
|''License:''|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|http://www.gnu.org/licences/lgpl.html]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.5.0|
!Original copyright notice
{{{
ASCIIMathML.js
==============
Version 2.1 Oct 8, 2008, (c) Peter Jipsen http://www.chapman.edu/~jipsen
This version extends ASCIIMathML.js with LaTeXMathML.js and ASCIIsvg.js.
Latest version at http://www.chapman.edu/~jipsen/mathml/ASCIIMathML.js
If you use it on a webpage, please send the URL to jipsen@chapman.edu

The LaTeXMathML modifications were made by Douglas Woodall, June 2006.
(for details see header on the LaTeXMathML part in middle of file)
Extensive clean-up and improvements by Paulo Soares, Oct 2007.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at
your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS 
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License 
(at http://www.gnu.org/licences/lgpl.html) for more details.
}}}
!~MathSVG code (minified)
***/
//{{{
Math.sec=function(a){return 1/Math.cos(a)};Math.csc=function(a){return 1/Math.sin(a)};Math.cot=function(a){return 1/Math.tan(a)};Math.asec=function(a){return Math.acos(1/a)};Math.acsc=function(a){return Math.asin(1/a)};Math.acot=function(a){return Math.atan(1/a)};Math.sinh=function(a){return(Math.exp(a)-Math.exp(-a))/2};Math.cosh=function(a){return(Math.exp(a)+Math.exp(-a))/2};Math.tanh=function(a){return(Math.exp(a)-Math.exp(-a))/(Math.exp(a)+Math.exp(-a))};Math.sech=function(a){return 1/Math.cosh(a)};Math.csch=function(a){return 1/Math.sinh(a)};Math.coth=function(a){return 1/Math.tanh(a)};Math.asinh=function(a){return Math.log(a+Math.sqrt(a*a+1))};Math.acosh=function(a){return Math.log(a+Math.sqrt(a*a-1))};Math.atanh=function(a){return Math.log((1+a)/(1-a))/2};Math.sech=function(a){return 1/Math.cosh(a)};Math.csch=function(a){return 1/Math.sinh(a)};Math.coth=function(a){return 1/Math.tanh(a)};Math.asech=function(a){return Math.acosh(1/a)};Math.acsch=function(a){return Math.asinh(1/a)};Math.acoth=function(a){return Math.atanh(1/a)};Math.sign=function(a){return(a===0?0:(a<0?-1:1))};Math.step=function(a,c,b){return(a<0?(b?b:0):(c?c:1))};Math.root=function(a,b){return Math.pow(a,1/b)};Math.factorial=function(b){if(b===0){return 1}if(b<0){if((b%1)===0){return}if(b>-1){return Math.factorial(b+1)/(b+1)}return -Math.PI/(Math.factorial(-1-b)*Math.sin(Math.PI*b))}var a=b;if((b%1)===0){while(b>1){b=b-1;a=a*b}}else{a=Math.exp((b+0.5)*Math.log(b+1)-b-b*(0.1121105+b*0.08106103)/(1.452342+b*(2.410858+b)))}return a};Math.Gamma=function(a){return Math.factorial(a-1)};Math.Beta=function(a,b){return Math.Gamma(a)*Math.Gamma(b)/Math.Gamma(a+b)};Math.C=function(a,b){var c=1/((a+1)*Math.Beta(b+1,a-b+1));return c};Math.truncate=function(a,c){var b=c||0;return Math.floor(a*Math.pow(10,b))/Math.pow(10,b)};Math.randomString=function(b,d){var c,e="";var a=b.length-1;for(c=0;c<d;c++){e+=b.substr(Math.runif(0,a),1)}return e};Math.runif=function(d,c,f){var e=f||0;return Math.truncate((c+Math.pow(10,-e)-d)*Math.random()+d,e)};Math.rnormal=function(a,b){a=a||0;b=b||1;var d=0,c=0;while(d*c===0){d=Math.random();c=Math.random()}return b*(Math.sqrt(-2*Math.log(d))*Math.cos(2*Math.PI*c))+a};Math.range=function(e,a,d){if((a-e)*d<=0){return}var c,b=[];for(c=e;c<=a;c+=d){b[b.length]=c}return b};var MSVG=function(m){var h="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";var 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/***
New symbols or commands can be defined here:
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//{{{
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 var symbols = ["\u2270","\u211D","\u2571","\u2205","\u2AEB","\\frac{d}{dr}"];
 MSVG.define(commands,symbols);
//}}}

(:graph({width:300}) axes(); plot("sin(x)"); :)

(:graph({width:300,height:200,scales:[-3,3,-2,2]})
axes();
grid({dx:0.5,dy:0.5});
plot("(x-2)*(x-1)*x*(x+1)*(x+2)/2",{min:-2.5,max:2.5});
:)

$\diagup X\ind Y \tilde{A} \varnothing$

$$A = \left(\begin{array}{c c c}
1-x & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1-x & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1-x \end{array}\right)$$

$\sum a_i + \sum_{i=0}^{+\infty} b_i$

$f(x) = \left\{\begin{array}{l l}
x^2 \sin \frac1x & \textrm{if } x \ne 0, \\
0 & \textrm{if } x = 0 .
\end{array}\right.$

$\displaystyle{ \lim_{x\to\infty} f(x) = k \choose r + \frac ab \sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} a_n + \left\{ \frac{1}{13} \sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} b_n \right\} }$

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Evaluation of the paper will be based on the following set of expectations:

* ''Organization of Paper''
** Title, author and a bibliography following a particular mathematics journal style.
** Paper length: ten to twelve pages, typewritten using ~LaTeX.
** Appropriate content.
** An introduction written for the a senior mathematics major clarifying the objectives and layout.
** The body of the paper should focus on the main point(s) and there should be logical transitions between concepts.
** The body of the paper should end with a conclusion that reviews the format of the paper and identifies any remaining questions and directions for future research.
** Cite references throughout paper according to an accepted mathematical journal style.
* ''Understanding of Mathematical Content''
** Communicate key definitions, theorems and/or results accurately.
** Include appropriate examples to illustrate them.
** Demonstrate understanding how definitions and prior results are applied in the proof.
** Reproduce results or examples possibly with mathematics software.
* ''Attention to Audience Level''
** Assume the reader has solid mathematical reasoning skills.
** Only assume a background in calculus and the fundamentals for doing proofs.
** Distinguish between concepts and results known to readers versus those which require explanation.
** Use good grammar, word usage, standard mathematical notation, layout, and style.
** Avoid mathematical notation errors that can interfere with the clarity of the paper.

''Acknowledgement:'' Precepts borrowed from Dr. Russell Herman's [[seminar page|http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/mat495/]]

/***
|<html><a name="Top"/></html>''Name:''|PartTiddlerPlugin|
|''Version:''|1.0.9 (2007-07-14)|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#PartTiddlerPlugin|
|''Author:''|UdoBorkowski (ub [at] abego-software [dot] de)|
|''Licence:''|[[BSD open source license]]|
|''CoreVersion:''|2.1.3|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.0.4+; InternetExplorer 6.0|
!Table of Content<html><a name="TOC"/></html>
* <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Description',null, event)">Description, Syntax</a></html>
* <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Applications',null, event)">Applications</a></html>
** <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('LongTiddler',null, event)">Refering to Paragraphs of a Longer Tiddler</a></html>
** <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Citation',null, event)">Citation Index</a></html>
** <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('TableCells',null, event)">Creating "multi-line" Table Cells</a></html>
** <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Tabs',null, event)">Creating Tabs</a></html>
** <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Sliders',null, event)">Using Sliders</a></html>
* <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Revisions',null, event)">Revision History</a></html>
* <html><a href="javascript:;" onclick="window.scrollAnchorVisible('Code',null, event)">Code</a></html>
!Description<html><a name="Description"/></html>
With the {{{<part aPartName> ... </part>}}} feature you can structure your tiddler text into separate (named) parts. 
Each part can be referenced as a "normal" tiddler, using the "//tiddlerName//''/''//partName//" syntax (e.g. "About/Features").  E.g. you may create links to the parts (e.g. {{{[[Quotes/BAX95]]}}} or {{{[[Hobbies|AboutMe/Hobbies]]}}}), use it in {{{<<tiddler...>>}}} or {{{<<tabs...>>}}} macros etc.


''Syntax:'' 
|>|''<part'' //partName// [''hidden''] ''>'' //any tiddler content// ''</part>''|
|//partName//|The name of the part. You may reference a part tiddler with the combined tiddler name "//nameOfContainerTidder//''/''//partName//. <<br>>If you use a partName containing spaces you need to quote it (e.g. {{{"Major Overview"}}} or {{{[[Shortcut List]]}}}).|
|''hidden''|When defined the content of the part is not displayed in the container tiddler. But when the part is explicitly referenced (e.g. in a {{{<<tiddler...>>}}} macro or in a link) the part's content is displayed.|
|<html><i>any&nbsp;tiddler&nbsp;content</i></html>|<html>The content of the part.<br>A part can have any content that a "normal" tiddler may have, e.g. you may use all the formattings and macros defined.</html>|
|>|~~Syntax formatting: Keywords in ''bold'', optional parts in [...]. 'or' means that exactly one of the two alternatives must exist.~~|
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!Applications<html><a name="Applications"/></html>
!!Refering to Paragraphs of a Longer Tiddler<html><a name="LongTiddler"/></html>
Assume you have written a long description in a tiddler and now you want to refer to the content of a certain paragraph in that tiddler (e.g. some definition.) Just wrap the text with a ''part'' block, give it a nice name, create a "pretty link" (like {{{[[Discussion Groups|Introduction/DiscussionGroups]]}}}) and you are done.

Notice this complements the approach to first writing a lot of small tiddlers and combine these tiddlers to one larger tiddler in a second step (e.g. using the {{{<<tiddler...>>}}} macro). Using the ''part'' feature you can first write a "classic" (longer) text that can be read "from top to bottom" and later "reuse" parts of this text for some more "non-linear" reading.

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!!Citation Index<html><a name="Citation"/></html>
Create a tiddler "Citations" that contains your "citations". 
Wrap every citation with a part and a proper name. 

''Example''
{{{
<part BAX98>Baxter, Ira D. et al: //Clone Detection Using Abstract Syntax Trees.// 
in //Proc. ICSM//, 1998.</part>

<part BEL02>Bellon, Stefan: //Vergleich von Techniken zur Erkennung duplizierten Quellcodes.// 
Thesis, Uni Stuttgart, 2002.</part>

<part DUC99>Ducasse, Stéfane et al: //A Language Independent Approach for Detecting Duplicated Code.// 
in //Proc. ICSM//, 1999.</part>
}}}

You may now "cite" them just by using a pretty link like {{{[[Citations/BAX98]]}}} or even more pretty, like this {{{[[BAX98|Citations/BAX98]]}}}.

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!!Creating "multi-line" Table Cells<html><a name="TableCells"/></html>
You may have noticed that it is hard to create table cells with "multi-line" content. E.g. if you want to create a bullet list inside a table cell you cannot just write the bullet list
{{{
* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 3
}}}
into a table cell (i.e. between the | ... | bars) because every bullet item must start in a new line but all cells of a table row must be in one line.

Using the ''part'' feature this problem can be solved. Just create a hidden part that contains the cells content and use a {{{<<tiddler >>}}} macro to include its content in the table's cell.

''Example''
{{{
|!Subject|!Items|
|subject1|<<tiddler ./Cell1>>|
|subject2|<<tiddler ./Cell2>>|

<part Cell1 hidden>
* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 3
</part>
...
}}}

Notice that inside the {{{<<tiddler ...>>}}} macro you may refer to the "current tiddler" using the ".".

BTW: The same approach can be used to create bullet lists with items that contain more than one line.

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!!Creating Tabs<html><a name="Tabs"/></html>
The build-in {{{<<tabs ...>>}}} macro requires that you defined an additional tiddler for every tab it displays. When you want to have "nested" tabs you need to define a tiddler for the "main tab" and one for every tab it contains. I.e. the definition of a set of tabs that is visually displayed at one place is distributed across multiple tiddlers.

With the ''part'' feature you can put the complete definition in one tiddler, making it easier to keep an overview and maintain the tab sets.

''Example''
The standard tabs at the sidebar are defined by the following eight tiddlers:
* SideBarTabs
* TabAll
* TabMore
* TabMoreMissing
* TabMoreOrphans
* TabMoreShadowed
* TabTags
* TabTimeline

Instead of these eight tiddlers one could define the following SideBarTabs tiddler that uses the ''part'' feature:
{{{
<<tabs txtMainTab 
    Timeline Timeline SideBarTabs/Timeline 
    All 'All tiddlers' SideBarTabs/All 
    Tags 'All tags' SideBarTabs/Tags 
    More 'More lists' SideBarTabs/More>>
<part Timeline hidden><<timeline>></part>
<part All hidden><<list all>></part>
<part Tags hidden><<allTags>></part>
<part More hidden><<tabs txtMoreTab 
    Missing 'Missing tiddlers' SideBarTabs/Missing 
    Orphans 'Orphaned tiddlers' SideBarTabs/Orphans 
    Shadowed 'Shadowed tiddlers' SideBarTabs/Shadowed>></part>
<part Missing hidden><<list missing>></part>
<part Orphans hidden><<list orphans>></part>
<part Shadowed hidden><<list shadowed>></part>
}}}

Notice that you can easily "overwrite" individual parts in separate tiddlers that have the full name of the part.

E.g. if you don't like the classic timeline tab but only want to see the 100 most recent tiddlers you could create a tiddler "~SideBarTabs/Timeline" with the following content:
{{{
<<forEachTiddler 
		sortBy 'tiddler.modified' descending 
		write '(index < 100) ? "* [["+tiddler.title+"]]\n":""'>>
}}}
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!!Using Sliders<html><a name="Sliders"/></html>
Very similar to the build-in {{{<<tabs ...>>}}} macro (see above) the {{{<<slider ...>>}}} macro requires that you defined an additional tiddler that holds the content "to be slid". You can avoid creating this extra tiddler by using the ''part'' feature

''Example''
In a tiddler "About" we may use the slider to show some details that are documented in the tiddler's "Details" part.
{{{
...
<<slider chkAboutDetails About/Details details "Click here to see more details">>
<part Details hidden>
To give you a better overview ...
</part>
...
}}}

Notice that putting the content of the slider into the slider's tiddler also has an extra benefit: When you decide you need to edit the content of the slider you can just doubleclick the content, the tiddler opens for editing and you can directly start editing the content (in the part section). In the "old" approach you would doubleclick the tiddler, see that the slider is using tiddler X, have to look for the tiddler X and can finally open it for editing. So using the ''part'' approach results in a much short workflow.

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!Revision history<html><a name="Revisions"/></html>
* v1.0.9 (2007-07-14)
** Bugfix: Error when using the SideBarTabs example and switching between "More" and "Shadow". Thanks to cmari for reporting the issue.
* v1.0.8 (2007-06-16)
** Speeding up display of tiddlers containing multiple pard definitions. Thanks to Paco Rivière for reporting the issue.
** Support "./partName" syntax inside <<tabs ...>> macro
* v1.0.7 (2007-03-07)
** Bugfix: <<tiddler "./partName">> does not always render correctly after a refresh (e.g. like it happens when using the "Include" plugin). Thanks to Morris Gray for reporting the bug.
* v1.0.6 (2006-11-07)
** Bugfix: cannot edit tiddler when UploadPlugin by Bidix is installed. Thanks to José Luis González Castro for reporting the bug.
* v1.0.5 (2006-03-02)
** Bugfix: Example with multi-line table cells does not work in IE6. Thanks to Paulo Soares for reporting the bug.
* v1.0.4 (2006-02-28)
** Bugfix: Shadow tiddlers cannot be edited (in TW 2.0.6). Thanks to Torsten Vanek for reporting the bug.
* v1.0.3 (2006-02-26)
** Adapt code to newly introduced Tiddler.prototype.isReadOnly() function (in TW 2.0.6). Thanks to Paulo Soares for reporting the problem.
* v1.0.2 (2006-02-05)
** Also allow other macros than the "tiddler" macro use the "." in the part reference (to refer to "this" tiddler)
* v1.0.1 (2006-01-27)
** Added Table of Content for plugin documentation. Thanks to RichCarrillo for suggesting.
** Bugfix: newReminder plugin does not work when PartTiddler is installed. Thanks to PauloSoares for reporting.
* v1.0.0 (2006-01-25)
** initial version
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!Code<html><a name="Code"/></html>
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***/
//{{{
//============================================================================
//                           PartTiddlerPlugin

// Ensure that the PartTiddler Plugin is only installed once.
//
if (!version.extensions.PartTiddlerPlugin) {



version.extensions.PartTiddlerPlugin = {
    major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 9,
    date: new Date(2007, 6, 14), 
    type: 'plugin',
    source: "http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#PartTiddlerPlugin"
};

if (!window.abego) window.abego = {};
if (version.major < 2) alertAndThrow("PartTiddlerPlugin requires TiddlyWiki 2.0 or newer.");

//============================================================================
// Common Helpers

// Looks for the next newline, starting at the index-th char of text. 
//
// If there are only whitespaces between index and the newline 
// the index behind the newline is returned, 
// otherwise (or when no newline is found) index is returned.
//
var skipEmptyEndOfLine = function(text, index) {
	var re = /(\n|[^\s])/g;
	re.lastIndex = index;
	var result = re.exec(text);
	return (result && text.charAt(result.index) == '\n') 
			? result.index+1
			: index;
}


//============================================================================
// Constants

var partEndOrStartTagRE = /(<\/part>)|(<part(?:\s+)((?:[^>])+)>)/mg;
var partEndTagREString = "<\\/part>";
var partEndTagString = "</part>";

//============================================================================
// Plugin Specific Helpers

// Parse the parameters inside a <part ...> tag and return the result.
//
// @return [may be null] {partName: ..., isHidden: ...}
//
var parseStartTagParams = function(paramText) {
	var params = paramText.readMacroParams();
	if (params.length == 0 || params[0].length == 0) return null;
	
	var name = params[0];
	var paramsIndex = 1;
	var hidden = false;
	if (paramsIndex < params.length) {
		hidden = params[paramsIndex] == "hidden";
		paramsIndex++;
	}
	
	return {
		partName: name, 
		isHidden: hidden
	};
}

// Returns the match to the next (end or start) part tag in the text, 
// starting the search at startIndex.
// 
// When no such tag is found null is returned, otherwise a "Match" is returned:
// [0]: full match
// [1]: matched "end" tag (or null when no end tag match)
// [2]: matched "start" tag (or null when no start tag match)
// [3]: content of start tag (or null if no start tag match)
//
var findNextPartEndOrStartTagMatch = function(text, startIndex) {
	var re = new RegExp(partEndOrStartTagRE);
	re.lastIndex = startIndex;
	var match = re.exec(text);
	return match;
}

//============================================================================
// Formatter

// Process the <part ...> ... </part> starting at (w.source, w.matchStart) for formatting.
//
// @return true if a complete part section (including the end tag) could be processed, false otherwise.
//
var handlePartSection = function(w) {
	var tagMatch = findNextPartEndOrStartTagMatch(w.source, w.matchStart);
	if (!tagMatch) return false;
	if (tagMatch.index != w.matchStart || !tagMatch[2]) return false;

	// Parse the start tag parameters
	var arguments = parseStartTagParams(tagMatch[3]);
	if (!arguments) return false;
	
	// Continue processing
	var startTagEndIndex = skipEmptyEndOfLine(w.source, tagMatch.index + tagMatch[0].length);
	var endMatch = findNextPartEndOrStartTagMatch(w.source, startTagEndIndex);
	if (endMatch && endMatch[1]) {
		if (!arguments.isHidden) {
			w.nextMatch = startTagEndIndex;
			w.subWikify(w.output,partEndTagREString);
		}
		w.nextMatch = skipEmptyEndOfLine(w.source, endMatch.index + endMatch[0].length);
		
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

config.formatters.push( {
    name: "part",
    match: "<part\\s+[^>]+>",
	
	handler: function(w) {
		if (!handlePartSection(w)) {
			w.outputText(w.output,w.matchStart,w.matchStart+w.matchLength);
		}
	}
} )

//============================================================================
// Extend "fetchTiddler" functionality to also recognize "part"s of tiddlers 
// as tiddlers.

var currentParent = null; // used for the "." parent (e.g. in the "tiddler" macro)

// Return the match to the first <part ...> tag of the text that has the
// requrest partName.
//
// @return [may be null]
//
var findPartStartTagByName = function(text, partName) {
	var i = 0;
	
	while (true) {
		var tagMatch = findNextPartEndOrStartTagMatch(text, i);
		if (!tagMatch) return null;

		if (tagMatch[2]) {
			// Is start tag
	
			// Check the name
			var arguments = parseStartTagParams(tagMatch[3]);
			if (arguments && arguments.partName == partName) {
				return tagMatch;
			}
		}
		i = tagMatch.index+tagMatch[0].length;
	}
}

// Return the part "partName" of the given parentTiddler as a "readOnly" Tiddler 
// object, using fullName as the Tiddler's title. 
//
// All remaining properties of the new Tiddler (tags etc.) are inherited from 
// the parentTiddler.
// 
// @return [may be null]
//
var getPart = function(parentTiddler, partName, fullName) {
	var text = parentTiddler.text;
	var startTag = findPartStartTagByName(text, partName);
	if (!startTag) return null;
	
	var endIndexOfStartTag = skipEmptyEndOfLine(text, startTag.index+startTag[0].length);
	var indexOfEndTag = text.indexOf(partEndTagString, endIndexOfStartTag);

	if (indexOfEndTag >= 0) {
		var partTiddlerText = text.substring(endIndexOfStartTag,indexOfEndTag);
		var partTiddler = new Tiddler();
		partTiddler.set(
						fullName,
						partTiddlerText,
						parentTiddler.modifier,
						parentTiddler.modified,
						parentTiddler.tags,
						parentTiddler.created);
		partTiddler.abegoIsPartTiddler = true;
		return partTiddler;
	}
	
	return null;
}

// Hijack the store.fetchTiddler to recognize the "part" addresses.
//
var hijackFetchTiddler = function() {
	var oldFetchTiddler = store.fetchTiddler ;
	store.fetchTiddler = function(title) {
		var result = oldFetchTiddler.apply(this, arguments);
		if (!result && title) {
			var i = title.lastIndexOf('/');
			if (i > 0) {
				var parentName = title.substring(0, i);
				var partName = title.substring(i+1);
				var parent = (parentName == ".") 
						? store.resolveTiddler(currentParent)
						: oldFetchTiddler.apply(this, [parentName]);
				if (parent) {
					return getPart(parent, partName, parent.title+"/"+partName);
				}
			}
		}
		return result;	
	};
};

// for debugging the plugin is not loaded through the systemConfig mechanism but via a script tag. 
// At that point in the "store" is not yet defined. In that case hijackFetchTiddler through the restart function.
// Otherwise hijack now.
if (!store) {
	var oldRestartFunc = restart;
	window.restart = function() {
		hijackFetchTiddler();
		oldRestartFunc.apply(this,arguments);
	};
} else
	hijackFetchTiddler();




// The user must not edit a readOnly/partTiddler
//

config.commands.editTiddler.oldIsReadOnlyFunction = Tiddler.prototype.isReadOnly;

Tiddler.prototype.isReadOnly = function() {
	// Tiddler.isReadOnly was introduced with TW 2.0.6.
	// For older version we explicitly check the global readOnly flag
	if (config.commands.editTiddler.oldIsReadOnlyFunction) {
		if (config.commands.editTiddler.oldIsReadOnlyFunction.apply(this, arguments)) return true;
	} else {
		if (readOnly) return true;
	}

	return this.abegoIsPartTiddler;
}

config.commands.editTiddler.handler = function(event,src,title)
{
	var t = store.getTiddler(title);
	// Edit the tiddler if it either is not a tiddler (but a shadowTiddler)
	// or the tiddler is not readOnly
	if(!t || !t.abegoIsPartTiddler)
		{
		clearMessage();
		story.displayTiddler(null,title,DEFAULT_EDIT_TEMPLATE);
		story.focusTiddler(title,"text");
		return false;
		}
}

// To allow the "./partName" syntax in macros we need to hijack 
// the invokeMacro to define the "currentParent" while it is running.
// 
var oldInvokeMacro = window.invokeMacro;
function myInvokeMacro(place,macro,params,wikifier,tiddler) {
	var oldCurrentParent = currentParent;
	if (tiddler) currentParent = tiddler;
	try {
		oldInvokeMacro.apply(this, arguments);
	} finally {
		currentParent = oldCurrentParent;
	}
}
window.invokeMacro = myInvokeMacro;

// To correctly support the "./partName" syntax while refreshing we need to hijack 
// the config.refreshers.tiddlers to define the "currentParent" while it is running.
// 
(function() {
	var oldTiddlerRefresher= config.refreshers.tiddler;
	config.refreshers.tiddler = function(e,changeList) {
		var oldCurrentParent = currentParent;
		try {
			currentParent = e.getAttribute("tiddler");
			return oldTiddlerRefresher.apply(this,arguments);
		} finally {
			currentParent = oldCurrentParent;
		}
	};
})();

// Support "./partName" syntax inside <<tabs ...>> macro
(function() {
	var extendRelativeNames = function(e, title) {
		var nodes = e.getElementsByTagName("a");
		for(var i=0; i<nodes.length; i++) {
			var node = nodes[i];
			var s = node.getAttribute("content");
			if (s && s.indexOf("./") == 0)
				node.setAttribute("content",title+s.substr(1));
		}
	};
	var oldHandler = config.macros.tabs.handler;
	config.macros.tabs.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
		var result = oldHandler.apply(this,arguments);
		if (tiddler)
			extendRelativeNames(place, tiddler.title);
		return result;
	};
})();

// Scroll the anchor anchorName in the viewer of the given tiddler visible.
// When no tiddler is defined use the tiddler of the target given event is used.
window.scrollAnchorVisible = function(anchorName, tiddler, evt) {
	var tiddlerElem = null;
	if (tiddler) {
		tiddlerElem = document.getElementById(story.idPrefix + tiddler);
	}
	if (!tiddlerElem && evt) {
		var target = resolveTarget(evt);
		tiddlerElem = story.findContainingTiddler(target);
	}
	if (!tiddlerElem) return;

	var children = tiddlerElem.getElementsByTagName("a");
	for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
		var child = children[i];
		var name = child.getAttribute("name");
		if (name == anchorName) {
			var y = findPosY(child);
			window.scrollTo(0,y);
			return;
		}
	}
}

} // of "install only once"
//}}}

/***
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!Licence and Copyright
Copyright (c) abego Software ~GmbH, 2006 ([[www.abego-software.de|http://www.abego-software.de]])

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
materials provided with the distribution.

Neither the name of abego Software nor the names of its contributors may be
used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

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***/

Here are some of the previous papers and talks from former MAT 495 students. There is no indication of which use the best, or worst, practices. However, you can see for yourself the various styles used and also types of topics people selected to work on. Those marked NA are currently not available.

| ''Project'' | ''Talk'' | ''Paper'' |
|The Examination and Use of the Binomial and the ~Black-Scholes Option Pricing Models| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Koch.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Koch.pdf]]  |
|Motions of Asteroids in Resonance:Explaining Kirkwood Gaps| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Santoro.ppt]]  | NA |
|The Problem A = mP for Triangles| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Lamb.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Lamb.pdf]]  |
|Authorship and Separating Hyperplanes| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Wage.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Wage.pdf]]  |
|Group Applications in Cryptography| NA | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/crump.pdf]] |
|The Dinitz Problem | NA | NA |
|Secure Communications| NA | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Herndon.pdf]]  |
|Fermat's Last Theorem| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Hulme.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Hulme.pdf]]  |
|Cryptography| [[ODP|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Billeaud.odp]] | NA |
|Sampling Theory with Applications using MATLAB| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Maeser.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Maeser.pdf]]  |
|An Analysis of the ~Hilbert-Huang Transformation and its Applications| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Schiefelbein.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Schiefelbein.pdf]]  |
|~Non-Unique Factorization| [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/rock.pdf]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/rock.pdf]]  |
|~Public-Key Cryptography| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Rouse.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Rouse.pdf]]  |
|Modifying ~Runge-Kutta to Better Solve ~First-Order Differential Equations| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Snead.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Snead.pdf]]  |
|The Traveling Salesman Problem| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Bryan.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Bryan.pdf]]  |
|Introduction to Chaos Theory| [[PPTX|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Nelson.pptx]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Nelson.pdf]]  |
|Whist Tournaments in Brief| [[PPTX|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Pattison.pptx]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Pattison.pdf]]  |
|Applying Robust Regression to ~Returns-Based Style Analysis| [[PPTX|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Madi.pptx]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Madi.pdf]]  |
|The Application of Game Theory to Global Counterterrorism| [[PPT|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Martin.ppt]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Martin.pdf]]  |
|The Mathematics of Cryptology| [[PPTX|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Presentations/Traynham.pptx]] | [[PDF|http://www.uncw.edu/math/documents/MAT495/Papers/Traynham.pdf]]  |

''Acknowledgement:'' Information from Dr. Russell Herman's [[seminar page|http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/mat495/]]

Evaluation of the oral presentation will be based on the following set of expectations:

* ''Organization''
** Begin with an introduction, capture audience interest, and to make objectives clear..
** Have an identifiable body of the talk, focusing on the main points and making logical transitions between them.
** End with a conclusion, accentuating the talk layout and identifying related questions or directions for future study.
** Adhere to the 40-45 minute time allotment.
* ''Consideration of the audience''
** Assume the reader has solid mathematical reasoning skills.
** Only assume a background in calculus and the fundamentals doing proofs.
** Distinguish between concepts and results known to readers versus those which require explanantion.
** Maintain eye contact during the presentation and include everyone in the audience.
** Aim for audience understanding. What will they take away from your talk?
** Respond appropriately to questions during the question and answer period.
** Treat all questions and questioners with respect.
** Do not read to the audience.
** Dress appropriately.
* ''Understanding of mathematical content''
** Communicate key definitions and results accurately.
** Include appropriate examples to illustrate them.
** Demonstrate understanding how definitions and prior results are applied in the proof.
** Use mathematics software appropriately to reproduce results or examples
* ''Delivery of lucid professional talk''
** It is crucial that the audience understand the main points of the presentation. This is far, far more important than coverage of a large amount of material from the paper.
** Use good judgment in narrowing the scope of the paper for the presentation to achieve this purpose. Can the audience go home and complete a reasonable homework assignment at the level you would be able to do after a class lecture?
** Use good judgment in deciding how to best present the ideas inherent in the presentation, and use forms of media support, including projected computer output, as appropriate. Weigh the advantages and disadvantages of using an overhead slide, a physical model, a computer presentation, etc.
** Use of the whiteboard, while not prohibited, should be kept to an absolute minimum.
** Prepare presentations that
*** are easily read from any place in the seminar room;
*** are simple, uncluttered and designed to help communicate, review and relate main points.
*** use good grammar, word usage, standard notation, layout, and style.
*** avoid mathematical notation errors that can interfere with the clarity of the paper.
** Reference/Cite all content appropriately

''Acknowledgement:'' Precepts borrowed from Dr. Russell Herman's [[seminar page|http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/mat495/]]

/***
|''Name:''|ProcessingPlugin|
|''Description:''|TiddlyWiki Bundle of John Ressig's processing.js|
|''Date:''|May 9, 2008|
|''Author:''|PaulDowney (psd (at) osmosoft (dot) com)|
|''CodeRepository:''|http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/PaulDowney/plugins/ProcessingPlugin.js|
|''Version:''|0.2|
|''License:''|[[MIT license]]|
|''Comments:''|Please make comments at http://groups.google.co.uk/group/TiddlyWikiDev |
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.2|

With contributions from Simon Baird.

***/

//{{{

// Ensure Plugin is only installed once.
if(!version.extensions.Processingjs) {
version.extensions.Processingjs = {installed:true};

config.macros.Processing = {
	counter: 0,
	handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
		var id = "processingcanvas"+this.counter;
		var canvas = createTiddlyElement(place,"canvas",id);

		// inlined code
		var code = paramString;

		// quick and dirty grab of code from a named tiddler
		if (store.tiddlerExists(params[0])) {
			code = store.getTiddlerText(params[0]);
		}

		// or with no params, grab code from this tiddler
		if (paramString.trim() == '') {
			code = tiddler.text;
		}

		createTiddlyElement(place,"br");
		var restartBtn = createTiddlyButton(place,"restart","restart",function() {
				story.refreshTiddler(tiddler.title,null,true);
				return false;
			},
			'processingRestart' // it's a class so you can style the button
		);

		Processing(canvas,code);
	}
};

// requires 2.4
merge(config.macros.view.views,{
	processing: function(value,place,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
		wikify("<<Processing\n"+value+"\n>>",place,highlightHack,tiddler);
	}
});

/*
 *  inlined copy of Processing.js
 *  latest code at: http://ejohn.org/blog/processingjs/
 */

/*
 * Processing.js - John Resig (http://ejohn.org/)
 * MIT Licensed
 * http://ejohn.org/blog/processingjs/
 *
 * This is a port of the Processing Visualization Language.
 * More information: http://processing.org/
 */

(function(){

this.Processing = function Processing( aElement, aCode )
{
  var p = buildProcessing( aElement );
  p.init( aCode );
  return p;
};

function log()
{
  try
  {
    console.log.apply( console, arguments );
  }
  catch(e)
  {
    try
    {
      opera.postError.apply( opera, arguments );
    }
    catch(e){}
  }
}

function parse( aCode, p )
{
  // Angels weep at this parsing code :-(

  // Remove end-of-line comments
  aCode = aCode.replace(/\/\/ .*\n/g, "\n");

  // Weird parsing errors with %
  aCode = aCode.replace(/([^\s])%([^\s])/g, "$1 % $2");
 
  // Simple convert a function-like thing to function
  aCode = aCode.replace(/(?:static )?(\w+ )(\w+)\s*(\([^\)]*\)\s*{)/g, function(all, type, name, args)
  {
    if ( name == "if" || name == "for" || name == "while" )
    {
      return all;
    }
    else
    {
      return "Processing." + name + " = function " + name + args;
    }
  });

  // Force .length() to be .length
  aCode = aCode.replace(/\.length\(\)/g, ".length");

  // foo( int foo, float bar )
  aCode = aCode.replace(/([\(,]\s*)(\w+)((?:\[\])+| )\s*(\w+\s*[\),])/g, "$1$4");
  aCode = aCode.replace(/([\(,]\s*)(\w+)((?:\[\])+| )\s*(\w+\s*[\),])/g, "$1$4");

  // float[] foo = new float[5];
  aCode = aCode.replace(/new (\w+)((?:\[([^\]]*)\])+)/g, function(all, name, args)
  {
    return "new ArrayList(" + args.slice(1,-1).split("][").join(", ") + ")";
  });
  
  aCode = aCode.replace(/(?:static )?\w+\[\]\s*(\w+)\[?\]?\s*=\s*{.*?};/g, function(all)
  {
    return all.replace(/{/g, "[").replace(/}/g, "]");
  });

  // int|float foo;
  var intFloat = /(\n\s*(?:int|float)(?:\[\])?(?:\s*|[^\(]*?,\s*))([a-z]\w*)(;|,)/i;
  while ( intFloat.test(aCode) )
  {
    aCode = aCode.replace(new RegExp(intFloat), function(all, type, name, sep)
    {
      return type + " " + name + " = 0" + sep;
    });
  }

  // float foo = 5;
  aCode = aCode.replace(/(?:static )?(\w+)((?:\[\])+| ) *(\w+)\[?\]?(\s*[=,;])/g, function(all, type, arr, name, sep)
  {
    if ( type == "return" )
      return all;
    else
      return "var " + name + sep;
  });

  // Fix Array[] foo = {...} to [...]
  aCode = aCode.replace(/=\s*{((.|\s)*?)};/g, function(all,data)
  {
    return "= [" + data.replace(/{/g, "[").replace(/}/g, "]") + "]";
  });
  
  // static { ... } blocks
  aCode = aCode.replace(/static\s*{((.|\n)*?)}/g, function(all, init)
  {
    // Convert the static definitons to variable assignments
    //return init.replace(/\((.*?)\)/g, " = $1");
    return init;
  });

  // super() is a reserved word
  aCode = aCode.replace(/super\(/g, "superMethod(");

  var classes = ["int", "float", "boolean", "string"];

  function ClassReplace(all, name, extend, vars, last)
  {
    classes.push( name );

    var static = "";

    vars = vars.replace(/final\s+var\s+(\w+\s*=\s*.*?;)/g, function(all,set)
    {
      static += " " + name + "." + set;
      return "";
    });

    // Move arguments up from constructor and wrap contents with
    // a with(this), and unwrap constructor
    return "function " + name + "() {with(this){\n  " +
      (extend ? "var __self=this;function superMethod(){extendClass(__self,arguments," + extend + ");}\n" : "") +
      // Replace var foo = 0; with this.foo = 0;
      // and force var foo; to become this.foo = null;
      vars
        .replace(/,\s?/g, ";\n  this.")
        .replace(/\b(var |final |public )+\s*/g, "this.")
        .replace(/this.(\w+);/g, "this.$1 = null;") + 
	(extend ? "extendClass(this, " + extend + ");\n" : "") +
        "<CLASS " + name + " " + static + ">" + (typeof last == "string" ? last : name + "(");
  }

  var matchClasses = /(?:public |abstract |static )*class (\w+)\s*(?:extends\s*(\w+)\s*)?{\s*((?:.|\n)*?)\b\1\s*\(/g;
  var matchNoCon = /(?:public |abstract |static )*class (\w+)\s*(?:extends\s*(\w+)\s*)?{\s*((?:.|\n)*?)(Processing)/g;
  
  aCode = aCode.replace(matchClasses, ClassReplace);
  aCode = aCode.replace(matchNoCon, ClassReplace);

  var matchClass = /<CLASS (\w+) (.*?)>/, m;
  
  while ( (m = aCode.match( matchClass )) )
  {
    var left = RegExp.leftContext,
      allRest = RegExp.rightContext,
      rest = nextBrace(allRest),
      className = m[1],
      staticVars = m[2] || "";
      
    allRest = allRest.slice( rest.length + 1 );

    rest = rest.replace(new RegExp("\\b" + className + "\\(([^\\)]*?)\\)\\s*{", "g"), function(all, args)
    {
      args = args.split(/,\s*?/);
      
      if ( args[0].match(/^\s*$/) )
        args.shift();
      
      var fn = "if ( arguments.length == " + args.length + " ) {\n";
        
      for ( var i = 0; i < args.length; i++ )
      {
        fn += "    var " + args[i] + " = arguments[" + i + "];\n";
      }
        
      return fn;
    });
    
    // Fix class method names
    // this.collide = function() { ... }
    // and add closing } for with(this) ...
    rest = rest.replace(/(?:public )?Processing.\w+ = function (\w+)\((.*?)\)/g, function(all, name, args)
    {
      return "ADDMETHOD(this, '" + name + "', function(" + args + ")";
    });
    
    var matchMethod = /ADDMETHOD([\s\S]*?{)/, mc;
    var methods = "";
    
    while ( (mc = rest.match( matchMethod )) )
    {
      var prev = RegExp.leftContext,
        allNext = RegExp.rightContext,
        next = nextBrace(allNext);

      methods += "addMethod" + mc[1] + next + "});"
      
      rest = prev + allNext.slice( next.length + 1 );
      
    }

    rest = methods + rest;
    
    aCode = left + rest + "\n}}" + staticVars + allRest;
  }

  // Do some tidying up, where necessary
  aCode = aCode.replace(/Processing.\w+ = function addMethod/g, "addMethod");
  
  function nextBrace( right )
  {
    var rest = right;
    var position = 0;
    var leftCount = 1, rightCount = 0;
    
    while ( leftCount != rightCount )
    {
      var nextLeft = rest.indexOf("{");
      var nextRight = rest.indexOf("}");
      
      if ( nextLeft < nextRight && nextLeft != -1 )
      {
        leftCount++;
        rest = rest.slice( nextLeft + 1 );
        position += nextLeft + 1;
      }
      else
      {
        rightCount++;
        rest = rest.slice( nextRight + 1 );
        position += nextRight + 1;
      }
    }
    
    return right.slice(0, position - 1);
  }

  // Handle (int) Casting
  aCode = aCode.replace(/\(int\)/g, "0|");

  // Remove Casting
  aCode = aCode.replace(new RegExp("\\((" + classes.join("|") + ")(\\[\\])?\\)", "g"), "");
  
  // Convert 3.0f to just 3.0
  aCode = aCode.replace(/(\d+)f/g, "$1");

  // Force numbers to exist
  //aCode = aCode.replace(/([^.])(\w+)\s*\+=/g, "$1$2 = ($2||0) +");

  // Force characters-as-bytes to work
  aCode = aCode.replace(/('[a-zA-Z0-9]')/g, "$1.charCodeAt(0)");

  // Convert #aaaaaa into color
  aCode = aCode.replace(/#([a-f0-9]{6})/ig, function(m, hex){
    var num = toNumbers(hex);
    return "color(" + num[0] + "," + num[1] + "," + num[2] + ")";
  });

  function toNumbers( str ){
    var ret = [];
     str.replace(/(..)/g, function(str){
      ret.push( parseInt( str, 16 ) );
    });
    return ret;
  }

//log(aCode);

  return aCode;
}

function buildProcessing( curElement ){

  var p = {};

  // init
  p.PI = Math.PI;
  p.TWO_PI = 2 * p.PI;
  p.HALF_PI = p.PI / 2;
  p.P3D = 3;
  p.CORNER = 0;
  p.CENTER = 1;
  p.CENTER_RADIUS = 2;
  p.RADIUS = 2;
  p.POLYGON = 1;
  p.TRIANGLES = 6;
  p.POINTS = 7;
  p.LINES = 8;
  p.TRIANGLE_STRIP = 9;
  p.CORNERS = 10;
  p.CLOSE = true;
  p.RGB = 1;
  p.HSB = 2;

  // "Private" variables used to maintain state
  var curContext = curElement.getContext("2d");
  var doFill = true;
  var doStroke = true;
  var loopStarted = false;
  var hasBackground = false;
  var doLoop = true;
  var curRectMode = p.CORNER;
  var curEllipseMode = p.CENTER;
  var inSetup = false;
  var inDraw = false;
  var curBackground = "rgba(204,204,204,1)";
  var curFrameRate = 1000;
  var curShape = p.POLYGON;
  var curShapeCount = 0;
  var opacityRange = 255;
  var redRange = 255;
  var greenRange = 255;
  var blueRange = 255;
  var pathOpen = false;
  var mousePressed = false;
  var keyPressed = false;
  var firstX, firstY, prevX, prevY;
  var curColorMode = p.RGB;
  var curTint = -1;
  var curTextSize = 12;
  var curTextFont = "Arial";
  var getLoaded = false;
  var start = (new Date).getTime();

  // Global vars for tracking mouse position
  p.pmouseX = 0;
  p.pmouseY = 0;
  p.mouseX = 0;
  p.mouseY = 0;

  // Will be replaced by the user, most likely
  p.mouseDragged = undefined;
  p.mouseMoved = undefined;
  p.mousePressed = undefined;
  p.mouseReleased = undefined;
  p.keyPressed = undefined;
  p.keyReleased = undefined;
  p.draw = undefined;
  p.setup = undefined;

  // The height/width of the canvas
  p.width = curElement.width - 0;
  p.height = curElement.height - 0;
  
  // In case I ever need to do HSV conversion:
  // http://srufaculty.sru.edu/david.dailey/javascript/js/5rml.js
  p.color = function color( aValue1, aValue2, aValue3, aValue4 )
  {
    var aColor = "";
    
    if ( arguments.length == 3 )
    {
      aColor = p.color( aValue1, aValue2, aValue3, opacityRange );
    }
    else if ( arguments.length == 4 )
    {
      var a = aValue4 / opacityRange;
      a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : a;

      if ( curColorMode == p.HSB )
      {
        var rgb = HSBtoRGB(aValue1, aValue2, aValue3);
        var r = rgb[0], g = rgb[1], b = rgb[2];
      }
      else
      {
        var r = getColor(aValue1, redRange);
        var g = getColor(aValue2, greenRange);
        var b = getColor(aValue3, blueRange);
      }

      aColor = "rgba(" + r + "," + g + "," + b + "," + a + ")";
    }
    else if ( typeof aValue1 == "string" )
    {
      aColor = aValue1;

      if ( arguments.length == 2 )
      {
        var c = aColor.split(",");
	c[3] = (aValue2 / opacityRange) + ")";
	aColor = c.join(",");
      }
    }
    else if ( arguments.length == 2 )
    {
      aColor = p.color( aValue1, aValue1, aValue1, aValue2 );
    }
    else if ( typeof aValue1 == "number" )
    {
      aColor = p.color( aValue1, aValue1, aValue1, opacityRange );
    }
    else
    {
      aColor = p.color( redRange, greenRange, blueRange, opacityRange );
    }

    // HSB conversion function from Mootools, MIT Licensed
    function HSBtoRGB(h, s, b)
    {
      h = (h / redRange) * 100;
      s = (s / greenRange) * 100;
      b = (b / blueRange) * 100;
      if (s == 0){
        return [b, b, b];
      } else {
        var hue = h % 360;
        var f = hue % 60;
        var br = Math.round(b / 100 * 255);
        var p = Math.round((b * (100 - s)) / 10000 * 255);
        var q = Math.round((b * (6000 - s * f)) / 600000 * 255);
        var t = Math.round((b * (6000 - s * (60 - f))) / 600000 * 255);
        switch (Math.floor(hue / 60)){
          case 0: return [br, t, p];
          case 1: return [q, br, p];
          case 2: return [p, br, t];
          case 3: return [p, q, br];
          case 4: return [t, p, br];
          case 5: return [br, p, q];
        }
      }
    }

    function getColor( aValue, range )
    {
      return Math.round(255 * (aValue / range));
    }
    
    return aColor;
  }

  p.nf = function( num, pad )
  {
    var str = "" + num;
    while ( pad - str.length )
      str = "0" + str;
    return str;
  };

  p.AniSprite = function( prefix, frames )
  {
    this.images = [];
    this.pos = 0;

    for ( var i = 0; i < frames; i++ )
    {
      this.images.push( prefix + p.nf( i, ("" + frames).length ) + ".gif" );
    }

    this.display = function( x, y )
    {
      p.image( this.images[ this.pos ], x, y );

      if ( ++this.pos >= frames )
        this.pos = 0;
    };

    this.getWidth = function()
    {
      return getImage(this.images[0]).width;
    };

    this.getHeight = function()
    {
      return getImage(this.images[0]).height;
    };
  };

  function buildImageObject( obj )
  {
    var pixels = obj.data;
    var data = p.createImage( obj.width, obj.height );

    if ( data.__defineGetter__ && data.__lookupGetter__ && !data.__lookupGetter__("pixels") )
    {
      var pixelsDone;
      data.__defineGetter__("pixels", function()
      {
        if ( pixelsDone )
	  return pixelsDone;

	pixelsDone = [];

        for ( var i = 0; i < pixels.length; i += 4 )
        {
          pixelsDone.push( p.color(pixels[i], pixels[i+1], pixels[i+2], pixels[i+3]) );
        }

	return pixelsDone;
      });
    }
    else
    {
      data.pixels = [];

      for ( var i = 0; i < pixels.length; i += 4 )
      {
        data.pixels.push( p.color(pixels[i], pixels[i+1], pixels[i+2], pixels[i+3]) );
      }
    }

    return data;
  }

  p.createImage = function createImage( w, h, mode )
  {
    var data = {
      width: w,
      height: h,
      pixels: new Array( w * h ),
      get: function(x,y)
      {
        return this.pixels[w*y+x];
      },
      _mask: null,
      mask: function(img)
      {
        this._mask = img;
      },
      loadPixels: function()
      {
      },
      updatePixels: function()
      {
      }
    };

    return data;
  }

  p.createGraphics = function createGraphics( w, h )
  {
    var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
    var ret = buildProcessing( canvas );
    ret.size( w, h );
    ret.canvas = canvas;
    return ret;
  }

  p.beginDraw = function beginDraw()
  {

  }

  p.endDraw = function endDraw()
  {

  }

  p.tint = function tint( rgb, a )
  {
    curTint = a;
  }

  function getImage( img ) {
    if ( typeof img == "string" )
    {
      return document.getElementById(img);
    }

    if ( img.img || img.canvas )
    {
      return img.img || img.canvas;
    }

    img.data = [];

    for ( var i = 0, l = img.pixels.length; i < l; i++ )
    {
      var c = (img.pixels[i] || "rgba(0,0,0,1)").slice(5,-1).split(",");
      img.data.push( parseInt(c[0]), parseInt(c[1]), parseInt(c[2]), parseFloat(c[3]) * 100 );
    }

    var canvas = document.createElement("canvas")
    canvas.width = img.width;
    canvas.height = img.height;
    var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
    context.putImageData( img, 0, 0 );

    img.canvas = canvas;

    return canvas;
  }

  p.image = function image( img, x, y, w, h )
  {
    x = x || 0;
    y = y || 0;

    var obj = getImage(img);

    if ( curTint >= 0 )
    {
      var oldAlpha = curContext.globalAlpha;
      curContext.globalAlpha = curTint / opacityRange;
    }

    if ( arguments.length == 3 )
    {
      curContext.drawImage( obj, x, y );
    }
    else
    {
      curContext.drawImage( obj, x, y, w, h );
    }

    if ( curTint >= 0 )
    {
      curContext.globalAlpha = oldAlpha;
    }

    if ( img._mask )
    {
      var oldComposite = curContext.globalCompositeOperation;
      curContext.globalCompositeOperation = "darker";
      p.image( img._mask, x, y );
      curContext.globalCompositeOperation = oldComposite;
    }
  }

  p.exit = function exit()
  {

  }

  p.save = function save( file )
  {

  }

  p.loadImage = function loadImage( file )
  {
    var img = document.getElementById(file);
    if ( !img )
      return;

    var h = img.height, w = img.width;

    var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
    canvas.width = w;
    canvas.height = h;
    var context = canvas.getContext("2d");

    context.drawImage( img, 0, 0 );
    var data = buildImageObject( context.getImageData( 0, 0, w, h ) );
    data.img = img;
    return data;
  }

  p.loadFont = function loadFont( name )
  {
    return {
      name: name,
      width: function( str )
      {
        if ( curContext.mozMeasureText )
          return curContext.mozMeasureText( typeof str == "number" ?
            String.fromCharCode( str ) :
            str) / curTextSize;
	else
	  return 0;
      }
    };
  }

  p.textFont = function textFont( name, size )
  {
    curTextFont = name;
    p.textSize( size );
  }

  p.textSize = function textSize( size )
  {
    if ( size )
    {
      curTextSize = size;
    }
  }

  p.textAlign = function textAlign()
  {

  }

  p.text = function text( str, x, y )
  {
    if ( str && curContext.mozDrawText )
    {
      curContext.save();
      curContext.mozTextStyle = curTextSize + "px " + curTextFont.name;
      curContext.translate(x, y);
      curContext.mozDrawText( typeof str == "number" ?
        String.fromCharCode( str ) :
	str );
      curContext.restore();
    }
  }

  p.char = function char( key )
  {
    //return String.fromCharCode( key );
    return key;
  }

  p.println = function println()
  {

  }

  p.map = function map( value, istart, istop, ostart, ostop )
  {
    return ostart + (ostop - ostart) * ((value - istart) / (istop - istart));
  };

  String.prototype.replaceAll = function(re, replace)
  {
    return this.replace(new RegExp(re, "g"), replace);
  };

  p.Point = function Point( x, y )
  {
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
    this.copy = function()
    {
      return new Point( x, y );
    }
  }

  p.Random = function()
  {
    var haveNextNextGaussian = false;
    var nextNextGaussian;

    this.nextGaussian = function()
    {
      if (haveNextNextGaussian) {
        haveNextNextGaussian = false;

        return nextNextGaussian;
      } else {
        var v1, v2, s;
        do { 
          v1 = 2 * p.random(1) - 1;   // between -1.0 and 1.0
          v2 = 2 * p.random(1) - 1;   // between -1.0 and 1.0
          s = v1 * v1 + v2 * v2;
        } while (s >= 1 || s == 0);
        var multiplier = Math.sqrt(-2 * Math.log(s)/s);
        nextNextGaussian = v2 * multiplier;
        haveNextNextGaussian = true;

        return v1 * multiplier;
      }
    };
  }

  p.ArrayList = function ArrayList( size, size2, size3 )
  {
    var array = new Array( 0 | size );
    
    if ( size2 )
    {
      for ( var i = 0; i < size; i++ )
      {
        array[i] = [];

        for ( var j = 0; j < size2; j++ )
        {
	  var a = array[i][j] = size3 ? new Array( size3 ) : 0;
	  for ( var k = 0; k < size3; k++ )
	  {
	    a[k] = 0;
	  }
        }
      }
    }
    else
    {
      for ( var i = 0; i < size; i++ )
      {
        array[i] = 0;
      }
    }
    
    array.size = function()
    {
      return this.length;
    };
    array.get = function( i )
    {
      return this[ i ];
    };
    array.remove = function( i )
    {
      return this.splice( i, 1 );
    };
    array.add = function( item )
    {
      for ( var i = 0; this[ i ] != undefined; i++ ) {}
      this[ i ] = item;
    };
    array.clone = function()
    {
      var a = new ArrayList( size );
      for ( var i = 0; i < size; i++ )
      {
        a[ i ] = this[ i ];
      }
      return a;
    };
    array.isEmpty = function()
    {
      return !this.length;
    };
    array.clear = function()
    {
      this.length = 0;
    };
    
    return array;
  }
  
  p.colorMode = function colorMode( mode, range1, range2, range3, range4 )
  {
    curColorMode = mode;

    if ( arguments.length >= 4 )
    {
      redRange = range1;
      greenRange = range2;
      blueRange = range3;
    }

    if ( arguments.length == 5 )
    {
      opacityRange = range4;
    }

    if ( arguments.length == 2 )
    {
      p.colorMode( mode, range1, range1, range1, range1 );
    }
  }
  
  p.beginShape = function beginShape( type )
  {
    curShape = type;
    curShapeCount = 0; 
  }
  
  p.endShape = function endShape( close )
  {
    if ( curShapeCount != 0 )
    {
      curContext.lineTo( firstX, firstY );

      if ( doFill )
        curContext.fill();
        
      if ( doStroke )
        curContext.stroke();
    
      curContext.closePath();
      curShapeCount = 0;
      pathOpen = false;
    }

    if ( pathOpen )
    {
      curContext.closePath();
    }
  }
  
  p.vertex = function vertex( x, y, x2, y2, x3, y3 )
  {
    if ( curShapeCount == 0 && curShape != p.POINTS )
    {
      pathOpen = true;
      curContext.beginPath();
      curContext.moveTo( x, y );
    }
    else
    {
      if ( curShape == p.POINTS )
      {
        p.point( x, y );
      }
      else if ( arguments.length == 2 )
      {
        if ( curShape == p.TRIANGLE_STRIP && curShapeCount == 2 )
	{
          curContext.moveTo( prevX, prevY );
          curContext.lineTo( firstX, firstY );
	}

        curContext.lineTo( x, y );
      }
      else if ( arguments.length == 4 )
      {
        if ( curShapeCount > 1 )
        {
	  curContext.moveTo( prevX, prevY );
          curContext.quadraticCurveTo( firstX, firstY, x, y );
	  curShapeCount = 1;
        }
      }
      else if ( arguments.length == 6 )
      {
        curContext.bezierCurveTo( x, y, x2, y2, x3, y3 );
        curShapeCount = -1;
      }
    }

    prevX = firstX;
    prevY = firstY;
    firstX = x;
    firstY = y;

    
    curShapeCount++;
    
    if ( curShape == p.LINES && curShapeCount == 2 ||
         (curShape == p.TRIANGLES || curShape == p.TRIANGLE_STRIP) && curShapeCount == 3 )
    {
      p.endShape();
    }

    if ( curShape == p.TRIANGLE_STRIP && curShapeCount == 3 )
    {
      curShapeCount = 2;
    }
  }

  p.curveTightness = function()
  {

  }

  // Unimplmented - not really possible with the Canvas API
  p.curveVertex = function( x, y, x2, y2 )
  {
    p.vertex( x, y, x2, y2 );
  }

  p.bezierVertex = p.vertex
  
  p.rectMode = function rectMode( aRectMode )
  {
    curRectMode = aRectMode;
  }

  p.imageMode = function()
  {

  }
  
  p.ellipseMode = function ellipseMode( aEllipseMode )
  {
    curEllipseMode = aEllipseMode;
  }
  
  p.dist = function dist( x1, y1, x2, y2 )
  {
    return Math.sqrt( Math.pow( x2 - x1, 2 ) + Math.pow( y2 - y1, 2 ) );
  }

  p.year = function year()
  {
    return (new Date).getYear() + 1900;
  }

  p.month = function month()
  {
    return (new Date).getMonth();
  }

  p.day = function day()
  {
    return (new Date).getDay();
  }

  p.hour = function hour()
  {
    return (new Date).getHours();
  }

  p.minute = function minute()
  {
    return (new Date).getMinutes();
  }

  p.second = function second()
  {
    return (new Date).getSeconds();
  }

  p.millis = function millis()
  {
    return (new Date).getTime() - start;
  }
  
  p.ortho = function ortho()
  {
  
  }
  
  p.translate = function translate( x, y )
  {
    curContext.translate( x, y );
  }
  
  p.scale = function scale( x, y )
  {
    curContext.scale( x, y || x );
  }
  
  p.rotate = function rotate( aAngle )
  {
    curContext.rotate( aAngle );
  }
  
  p.pushMatrix = function pushMatrix()
  {
    curContext.save();
  }
  
  p.popMatrix = function popMatrix()
  {
    curContext.restore();
  }
  
  p.redraw = function redraw()
  {
    if ( hasBackground )
    {
      p.background();
    }
    
    inDraw = true;
    p.pushMatrix();
    p.draw();
    p.popMatrix();
    inDraw = false;
  }
  
  p.loop = function loop()
  {
    if ( loopStarted )
      return;
    
    var looping = setInterval(function()
    {
      try
      {
        p.redraw();
      }
      catch(e)
      {
        clearInterval( looping );
        throw e;
      }
    }, 1000 / curFrameRate );
    
    loopStarted = true;
  }
  
  p.frameRate = function frameRate( aRate )
  {
    curFrameRate = aRate;
  }
  
  p.background = function background( img )
  {
    if ( arguments.length )
    {
      if ( img && img.img )
      {
        curBackground = img;
      }
      else
      {
        curBackground = p.color.apply( this, arguments );
      }
    }
    

    if ( curBackground.img )
    {
      p.image( curBackground, 0, 0 );
    }
    else
    {
      var oldFill = curContext.fillStyle;
      curContext.fillStyle = curBackground + "";
      curContext.fillRect( 0, 0, p.width, p.height );
      curContext.fillStyle = oldFill;
    }
  }

  p.sq = function sq( aNumber )
  {
    return aNumber * aNumber;
  }

  p.sqrt = function sqrt( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.sqrt( aNumber );
  }
  
  p.int = function int( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.floor( aNumber );
  }

  p.min = function min( aNumber, aNumber2 )
  {
    return Math.min( aNumber, aNumber2 );
  }

  p.max = function max( aNumber, aNumber2 )
  {
    return Math.max( aNumber, aNumber2 );
  }

  p.ceil = function ceil( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.ceil( aNumber );
  }

  p.floor = function floor( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.floor( aNumber );
  }

  p.float = function float( aNumber )
  {
    return typeof aNumber == "string" ?
	p.float( aNumber.charCodeAt(0) ) :
        parseFloat( aNumber );
  }

  p.byte = function byte( aNumber )
  {
    return aNumber || 0;
  }
  
  p.random = function random( aMin, aMax )
  {
    return arguments.length == 2 ?
      aMin + (Math.random() * (aMax - aMin)) :
      Math.random() * aMin;
  }

  // From: http://freespace.virgin.net/hugo.elias/models/m_perlin.htm
  p.noise = function( x, y, z )
  {
    return arguments.length >= 2 ?
      PerlinNoise_2D( x, y ) :
      PerlinNoise_2D( x, x );
  }

  function Noise(x, y)
  {
    var n = x + y * 57;
    n = (n<<13) ^ n;
    return Math.abs(1.0 - (((n * ((n * n * 15731) + 789221) + 1376312589) & 0x7fffffff) / 1073741824.0));
  }

  function SmoothedNoise(x, y)
  {
    var corners = ( Noise(x-1, y-1)+Noise(x+1, y-1)+Noise(x-1, y+1)+Noise(x+1, y+1) ) / 16;
    var sides   = ( Noise(x-1, y)  +Noise(x+1, y)  +Noise(x, y-1)  +Noise(x, y+1) ) /  8;
    var center  =  Noise(x, y) / 4;
    return corners + sides + center;
  }

  function InterpolatedNoise(x, y)
  {
    var integer_X    = Math.floor(x);
    var fractional_X = x - integer_X;

    var integer_Y    = Math.floor(y);
    var fractional_Y = y - integer_Y;

    var v1 = SmoothedNoise(integer_X,     integer_Y);
    var v2 = SmoothedNoise(integer_X + 1, integer_Y);
    var v3 = SmoothedNoise(integer_X,     integer_Y + 1);
    var v4 = SmoothedNoise(integer_X + 1, integer_Y + 1);

    var i1 = Interpolate(v1 , v2 , fractional_X);
    var i2 = Interpolate(v3 , v4 , fractional_X);

    return Interpolate(i1 , i2 , fractional_Y);
  }

  function PerlinNoise_2D(x, y)
  {
      var total = 0;
      var p = 0.25;
      var n = 3;

      for ( var i = 0; i <= n; i++ )
      {
          var frequency = Math.pow(2, i);
          var amplitude = Math.pow(p, i);

          total = total + InterpolatedNoise(x * frequency, y * frequency) * amplitude;
      }

      return total;
  }

  function Interpolate(a, b, x)
  {
    var ft = x * p.PI;
    var f = (1 - p.cos(ft)) * .5;
    return  a*(1-f) + b*f;
  }

  p.red = function( aColor )
  {
    return parseInt(aColor.slice(5));
  }

  p.green = function( aColor )
  {
    return parseInt(aColor.split(",")[1]);
  }

  p.blue = function( aColor )
  {
    return parseInt(aColor.split(",")[2]);
  }

  p.alpha = function( aColor )
  {
    return parseInt(aColor.split(",")[3]);
  }

  p.abs = function abs( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.abs( aNumber );
  }
  
  p.cos = function cos( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.cos( aNumber );
  }
  
  p.sin = function sin( aNumber )
  {
    return Math.sin( aNumber );
  }
  
  p.pow = function pow( aNumber, aExponent )
  {
    return Math.pow( aNumber, aExponent );
  }
  
  p.constrain = function constrain( aNumber, aMin, aMax )
  {
    return Math.min( Math.max( aNumber, aMin ), aMax );
  }
  
  p.sqrt = function sqrt( aNumber )
  {
  	return Math.sqrt( aNumber );
  }
  
  p.atan2 = function atan2( aNumber, aNumber2 )
  {
  	return Math.atan2( aNumber, aNumber2 );
  }
  
  p.radians = function radians( aAngle )
  {
    return ( aAngle / 180 ) * p.PI;
  }
  
  p.size = function size( aWidth, aHeight )
  {
    var fillStyle = curContext.fillStyle;
    var strokeStyle = curContext.strokeStyle;

    curElement.width = p.width = aWidth;
    curElement.height = p.height = aHeight;

    curContext.fillStyle = fillStyle;
    curContext.strokeStyle = strokeStyle;
  }
  
  p.noStroke = function noStroke()
  {
    doStroke = false;
  }
  
  p.noFill = function noFill()
  {
    doFill = false;
  }
  
  p.smooth = function smooth()
  {
  
  }
  
  p.noLoop = function noLoop()
  {
    doLoop = false;
  }
  
  p.fill = function fill()
  {
    doFill = true;
    curContext.fillStyle = p.color.apply( this, arguments );
  }
  
  p.stroke = function stroke()
  {
    doStroke = true;
    curContext.strokeStyle = p.color.apply( this, arguments );
  }

  p.strokeWeight = function strokeWeight( w )
  {
    curContext.lineWidth = w;
  }
  
  p.point = function point( x, y )
  {
    var oldFill = curContext.fillStyle;
    curContext.fillStyle = curContext.strokeStyle;
    curContext.fillRect( Math.round( x ), Math.round( y ), 1, 1 );
    curContext.fillStyle = oldFill;
  }

  p.get = function get( x, y )
  {
    if ( arguments.length == 0 )
    {
      var c = p.createGraphics( p.width, p.height );
      c.image( curContext, 0, 0 );
      return c;
    }

    if ( !getLoaded )
    {
      getLoaded = buildImageObject( curContext.getImageData(0, 0, p.width, p.height) );
    }

    return getLoaded.get( x, y );
  }

  p.set = function set( x, y, color )
  {
    var oldFill = curContext.fillStyle;
    curContext.fillStyle = color;
    curContext.fillRect( Math.round( x ), Math.round( y ), 1, 1 );
    curContext.fillStyle = oldFill;
  }
  
  p.arc = function arc( x, y, width, height, start, stop )
  {
    if ( width <= 0 )
      return;

    if ( curEllipseMode == p.CORNER )
    {
      x += width / 2;
      y += height / 2;
    }

    curContext.beginPath();
  
    curContext.moveTo( x, y );
    curContext.arc( x, y, curEllipseMode == p.CENTER_RADIUS ? width : width/2, start, stop, false );
    
    if ( doFill )
      curContext.fill();
      
    if ( doStroke )
      curContext.stroke();
    
    curContext.closePath();
  }
  
  p.line = function line( x1, y1, x2, y2 )
  {
    curContext.lineCap = "round";
    curContext.beginPath();
  
    curContext.moveTo( x1 || 0, y1 || 0 );
    curContext.lineTo( x2 || 0, y2 || 0 );
    
    curContext.stroke();
    
    curContext.closePath();
  }

  p.bezier = function bezier( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 )
  {
    curContext.lineCap = "butt";
    curContext.beginPath();
  
    curContext.moveTo( x1, y1 );
    curContext.bezierCurveTo( x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 );
    
    curContext.stroke();
    
    curContext.closePath();
  }

  p.triangle = function triangle( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 )
  {
    p.beginShape();
    p.vertex( x1, y1 );
    p.vertex( x2, y2 );
    p.vertex( x3, y3 );
    p.endShape();
  }

  p.quad = function quad( x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 )
  {
    p.beginShape();
    p.vertex( x1, y1 );
    p.vertex( x2, y2 );
    p.vertex( x3, y3 );
    p.vertex( x4, y4 );
    p.endShape();
  }
  
  p.rect = function rect( x, y, width, height )
  {
    if ( width == 0 && height == 0 )
      return;

    curContext.beginPath();
    
    var offsetStart = 0;
    var offsetEnd = 0;

    if ( curRectMode == p.CORNERS )
    {
      width -= x;
      height -= y;
    }
    
    if ( curRectMode == p.RADIUS )
    {
      width *= 2;
      height *= 2;
    }
    
    if ( curRectMode == p.CENTER || curRectMode == p.RADIUS )
    {
      x -= width / 2;
      y -= height / 2;
    }
  
    curContext.rect(
      Math.round( x ) - offsetStart,
      Math.round( y ) - offsetStart,
      Math.round( width ) + offsetEnd,
      Math.round( height ) + offsetEnd
    );
      
    if ( doFill )
      curContext.fill();
      
    if ( doStroke )
      curContext.stroke();
    
    curContext.closePath();
  }
  
  p.ellipse = function ellipse( x, y, width, height )
  {
    x = x || 0;
    y = y || 0;

    if ( width <= 0 && height <= 0 )
      return;

    curContext.beginPath();
    
    if ( curEllipseMode == p.RADIUS )
    {
      width *= 2;
      height *= 2;
    }
    
    var offsetStart = 0;
    
    // Shortcut for drawing a circle
    if ( width == height )
      curContext.arc( x - offsetStart, y - offsetStart, width / 2, 0, Math.PI * 2, false );
  
    if ( doFill )
      curContext.fill();
      
    if ( doStroke )
      curContext.stroke();
    
    curContext.closePath();
  }

  p.link = function( href, target )
  {
    window.location = href;
  }

  p.loadPixels = function()
  {
    p.pixels = buildImageObject( curContext.getImageData(0, 0, p.width, p.height) ).pixels;
  }

  p.updatePixels = function()
  {
    var colors = /(\d+),(\d+),(\d+),(\d+)/;
    var pixels = {};
    var data = pixels.data = [];
    pixels.width = p.width;
    pixels.height = p.height;

    var pos = 0;

    for ( var i = 0, l = p.pixels.length; i < l; i++ ) {
      var c = (p.pixels[i] || "rgba(0,0,0,1)").match(colors);
      data[pos] = parseInt(c[1]);
      data[pos+1] = parseInt(c[2]);
      data[pos+2] = parseInt(c[3]);
      data[pos+3] = parseFloat(c[4]) * 100;
      pos += 4;
    }

    curContext.putImageData(pixels, 0, 0);
  }

  p.extendClass = function extendClass( obj, args, fn )
  {
    if ( arguments.length == 3 )
    {
      fn.apply( obj, args );
    }
    else
    {
      args.call( obj );
    }
  }

  p.addMethod = function addMethod( object, name, fn )
  {
    if ( object[ name ] )
    {
      var args = fn.length;
      
      var oldfn = object[ name ];
      object[ name ] = function()
      {
        if ( arguments.length == args )
          return fn.apply( this, arguments );
        else
          return oldfn.apply( this, arguments );
      };
    }
    else
    {
      object[ name ] = fn;
    }
  }

  p.init = function init(code){
    p.stroke( 0 );
    p.fill( 255 );
  
    // Canvas has trouble rendering single pixel stuff on whole-pixel
    // counts, so we slightly offset it (this is super lame).
    curContext.translate( 0.5, 0.5 );

    if ( code )
    {
      (function(Processing){with (p){
        eval(parse(code, p));
      }})(p);
    }
  
    if ( p.setup )
    {
      inSetup = true;
      p.setup();
    }
    
    inSetup = false;
    
    if ( p.draw )
    {
      if ( !doLoop )
      {
        p.redraw();
      }
      else
      {
        p.loop();
      }
    }
    
    attach( curElement, "mousemove", function(e)
    {
      p.pmouseX = p.mouseX;
      p.pmouseY = p.mouseY;
      p.mouseX = e.clientX - curElement.offsetLeft;
      p.mouseY = e.clientY - curElement.offsetTop;

      if ( p.mouseMoved )
      {
        p.mouseMoved();
      }      

      if ( mousePressed && p.mouseDragged )
      {
        p.mouseDragged();
      }      
    });
    
    attach( curElement, "mousedown", function(e)
    {
      mousePressed = true;

      if ( typeof p.mousePressed == "function" )
      {
        p.mousePressed();
      }
      else
      {
        p.mousePressed = true;
      }
    });
      
    attach( curElement, "mouseup", function(e)
    {
      mousePressed = false;

      if ( typeof p.mousePressed != "function" )
      {
        p.mousePressed = false;
      }

      if ( p.mouseReleased )
      {
        p.mouseReleased();
      }
    });

    attach( document, "keydown", function(e)
    {
      keyPressed = true;

      p.key = e.keyCode + 32;

      if ( e.shiftKey )
      {
        p.key = String.fromCharCode(p.key).toUpperCase().charCodeAt(0);
      }

      if ( typeof p.keyPressed == "function" )
      {
        p.keyPressed();
      }
      else
      {
        p.keyPressed = true;
      }
    });

    attach( document, "keyup", function(e)
    {
      keyPressed = false;

      if ( typeof p.keyPressed != "function" )
      {
        p.keyPressed = false;
      }

      if ( p.keyReleased )
      {
        p.keyReleased();
      }
    });

    function attach(elem, type, fn)
    {
      if ( elem.addEventListener )
        elem.addEventListener( type, fn, false );
      else
        elem.attachEvent( "on" + type, fn );
    }
  };

  return p;
}


})();


} //# end of "install only once"
//}}}

Finding a topic for a senior seminar can be scary at first thought. You need to do a little research. In some cases a student might already have a topic in mind. Sometimes it is a matter of thinking about an unexplored topic from a previous class. Or you could seek out one of your favorite teachers to make some suggestions. You could even look on the Internet or in some journals devoted to teaching mathematics. No matter what your approach, you need to settle on a problem which extends beyond your coursework and it must be something that you will enjoy exploring. The more you get into your research topic, the better the final product. 

!Topic Lists
Here are some suggestions from other schools:
*[[http://cda.morris.umn.edu/~mcquarrb/seniorseminar.html|http://cda.morris.umn.edu/~mcquarrb/seniorseminar.html]]
*[[http://www.reed.edu/~jones/math.theses.html|http://www.reed.edu/~jones/math.theses.html]]

!Journals 
You can look through journals online or in the library. If you do well, you might even consider submitting to a journal! At least you might find some ideas in these journals. Checking the [[American Mathematical Monthly|http://www.maa.org/pubs/monthly.html]], [[Mathematics Magazine|http://www.maa.org/pubs/mathmag.html]], etc can lead you to interesting topics to explore. You want to be interested in what you are spending a whole semester researching. The more you put into this, the more successful you will be. Once you have a topic, then you can find someone to work with you on that topic.

!Other Sources for Undergraduate Research Topics
*[[Journal from Rose-Hulman|http://www.rose-hulman.edu/mathjournal/index.php]]  
*[[http://www.users.muohio.edu/porterbm/sumj/Journal.html|http://www.users.muohio.edu/porterbm/sumj/Journal.html]]
*[[Journal at Furman|http://math.furman.edu/~mwoodard/fuejum/welcome.html]] 
*College Mathematics Journal of the MAA http://www.maa.org/pubs/cmj.html
*Problems, Resources, and Issues in Mathematics Undergraduate Study (PRIMUS) http://www.dean.usma.edu/math/pubs/primus/default.htm
*The Mathematical Gazette of The Mathematical Assocation http://www.m-a.org.uk/eb/mg/
*The Journal of Mathematics and Computer Education http://www.ashbacher.com/jmace.stm
*Quantum: The Magazine of Math and Science http://www.nsta.org/quantum/
*LMS Undergraduate Project Archive http://maths.abdn.ac.uk/maths/department/services/lms/projread.html
*DIMACS: Center for Discrete Mathematics and Computer Science - Open Problems for Undergraduates http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/~hochberg/undopen/
*The Geometry Junkyard http://www1.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/junkyard/open.html
*MathSoft Unsolved Problems http://www.mathsoft.com/asolve/ 


''Acknowledgement:'' Information from Dr. Russell Herman's [[seminar page|http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/mat495/]]

*[[Quiz 1|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-1.pdf]]
*[[Quiz 2|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-2.pdf]]
*[[Quiz 3|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-3.pdf]]
*[[Quiz 4|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-4.pdf]] | [[Solutions|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-4-solutions-brief.pdf]]
*[[Quiz 5|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-5.pdf]] | [[Solutions|quizzes/mat-336-001-2009-fall-quiz-5-solutions-brief.pdf]]
*[[Additional problems on rings|tests/mat-336-001-2009-fall-ring-problems.pdf]]

#Design the talk for the audience.
#Prepare thoroughly and rehearse the talk.
#Produce clear, legible slides.
#Arrive early and check the lecture room.
#Speak slowly and loudly.
#Be enthusiastic about what you say.
#Look at the audience as you speak.
#Don't fidget with the slides or the pointer.
#Finish on time (or early).
#Answer questions courteously and concisely, and admit it if you don't know the answer.

''Acknowledgement:'' Rules from Higham's //Handbook of Writing for the Mathematical Sciences//.

!Spring 2010
<<tabs Schedule
Jan "January" [[Schedule/January]]
Feb "February" [[Schedule/February]]
Mar "March" [[Schedule/March]]
Apr "April" [[Schedule/April]]
>>
<part January hidden>
*Wednesday, January 06
**Introduction
**[[Project Ideas]]
**[[Past Talks]]
**[[Advisor Prospects]]
**[[Letter to Advisor|http://people.uncw.edu/freezem/mat-495-001-2009-fall/resources/mat-495-advisor-letter.pdf]]
**[[Installing LaTeX]]
**[[LaTeX Example]]
*Wednesday, January 13
**[[LaTeX Starter Documents]]
**[[LaTeX Practice]]
**Due: Name of advisor and choice of topic
*Wednesday, January 20
**[[Best practices in mathematics writing]]
**Due: Official topic proposal
*Wednesday, January 27
**Student Progress Reports
**Due: Literature list and revised topic proposal
</part>
<part February hidden>
*Wednesday, February 03
**[[Best practices in mathematics presentations]]
**Due: Draft of paper introduction
*Wednesday, February 10
**[[Rules for giving a presentation]]
**Five minute introductions
***Christopher Tice
***Alicia Jordan
***Robert Sizemore /% ***Robert Cantey ***Shaina Ray %/
**Due:  First 8-12 slides -- title, introduction, bibliography
*Wednesday, February 17
**Five minute introductions
***Ashley Terry
***Anna Hawkins
***Zachary Tomkoski
***Rebecca Smith
*Wednesday, February 24
**Ten minute technical details
***Robert Sizemore
***Christopher Tice
**Due: Draft of paper introduction, body, bibliography
</part>
<part March hidden>
*Wednesday, March 03
**Ten minute technical details
***Anna Hawkins
***Alicia Jordan
***Ashley Terry
**Due: Second 16-24 slides
*Wednesday, March 10
**Spring Break
*Wednesday, March 17
**Ten minute technical details
***Zachary Tomkoski
***Rebecca Smith
**Due:  Draft of full paper
*Wednesday, March 24
**Working Day
**Due: Final schedule
*Wednesday, March 31
**Twenty minute draft presentations
***Ashley Terry
***Alicia Jordan
**Due: Autobiography
</part>
<part April hidden>
*Wednesday, April 07
**Twenty minute draft presentations
***Christopher Tice
***Rebecca Smith
**Due: Revised Abstract
*Wednesday, April 14
**Twenty minute draft presentations
***Anna Hawkins
***Zach Tomkoski
*Wednesday, April 21
**Twenty minute draft presentations
***Robert Sizemore
**Due: Final paper
**Due: Final slides
*Thursday, April 29
**Final Presentations, 8:00-11:00am, Bear 160
*Friday, April 30
**Final Presentations, 11:30am-2:30pm, Bear 164
</part>

Seminar in Mathematics

MAT 495

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#topMenu { background: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]]; color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]]; padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.5em; border-bottom: 2px solid #000000; }

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#topMenu .button, #topMenu .tiddlyLink, #topMenu a { margin-left: 0.25em; margin-right: 0.25em; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]]; font-size: 1.15em; }

#topMenu .button:hover, #topMenu .tiddlyLink:hover { background: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryDark]]; }

*Fall 2009
**[[Test 1 Sample|tests/mat-336-001-2009-fall-test-1-sample.pdf]]
**[[Test 2 Sample|tests/mat-336-001-2009-fall-test-2-sample.pdf]]
**[[Final Exam Sample|tests/mat-336-001-2009-fall-final-sample.pdf]] | [[Brief Solutions|tests/mat-336-001-2009-fall-final-sample-solutions.pdf]]

/***

|Name|ToggleSideBarMacro|
|Created by|SaqImtiaz|
|Location|http://tw.lewcid.org/#ToggleSideBarMacro|
|Version|1.0|
|Requires|~TW2.x|
!Description:
Provides a button for toggling visibility of the SideBar. You can choose whether the SideBar should initially be hidden or displayed.

!Demo
<<toggleSideBar "Toggle Sidebar">>

!Usage:
{{{<<toggleSideBar>>}}} <<toggleSideBar>>
additional options:
{{{<<toggleSideBar label tooltip show/hide>>}}} where:
label = custom label for the button,
tooltip = custom tooltip for the button,
show/hide = use one or the other, determines whether the sidebar is shown at first or not.
(default is to show the sidebar)

You can add it to your tiddler toolbar, your MainMenu, or where you like really.
If you are using a horizontal MainMenu and want the button to be right aligned, put the following in your StyleSheet:
{{{ .HideSideBarButton {float:right;} }}}

!History
*23-07-06: version 1.0: completely rewritten, now works with custom stylesheets too, and easier to customize start behaviour. 
*20-07-06: version 0.11
*27-04-06: version 0.1: working.

!Code
***/
//{{{
config.macros.toggleSideBar={};

config.macros.toggleSideBar.settings={
         styleHide :  "#sidebar { display: none;}\n"+"#contentWrapper #displayArea { margin-right: 1em;}\n"+"",
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         arrow1: "«",
         arrow2: "»"
};

config.macros.toggleSideBar.handler=function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
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          var arrow = (mode == "hide")? this.settings.arrow1:this.settings.arrow2;
          var label= (params[0]&&params[0]!='.')?params[0]+" "+arrow:arrow;
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          if (mode == "hide")
             { 
             (document.getElementById("sidebar")).setAttribute("toggle","hide");
              setStylesheet(this.settings.styleHide,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
             }
};

config.macros.toggleSideBar.onToggleSideBar = function(){
          var sidebar = document.getElementById("sidebar");
          var settings = config.macros.toggleSideBar.settings;
          if (sidebar.getAttribute("toggle")=='hide')
             {
              setStylesheet(settings.styleShow,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
              sidebar.setAttribute("toggle","show");
              this.firstChild.data= (this.firstChild.data).replace(settings.arrow1,settings.arrow2);
              }
          else
              {    
               setStylesheet(settings.styleHide,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
               sidebar.setAttribute("toggle","hide");
               this.firstChild.data= (this.firstChild.data).replace(settings.arrow2,settings.arrow1);
              }

     return false;
}

setStylesheet(".HideSideBarButton .button {font-weight:bold; padding: 0 5px;}\n","ToggleSideBarButtonStyles");

//}}}

**Section 1.1-1.2: Preliminaries
**Section 1.3-1.4: Greatest Common Divisor; Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic
**Section 1.5: Congruences
**Section 1.5: Fermat's Little Theorem
**Section 2.1: Functions
**Section 2.2: Permutations: Cycle Decomposition
**Section 2.2: Permutations: Parity
**Section 2.3: Groups: Axioms
**Section 2.3: Groups: Examples
**Section 2.4: Subgroups
**Section 2.4: Cosets and Lagrange's Theorem
**Section 2.5: Cosets and Normal Subgroups
**Section 2.5: Group Homomorphisms
**Section 2.6: Quotient Groups
**Section 2.6: Isomorphism Theorems
**Section 2.6: Direct Products
**Section 2.7: Group Actions: Cayley's Theorem
**Section 2.7: Classification of Groups of Small Order
**Section 2.7: Orbits and Stabilizers
**Section 2.7:  The Class Equation
**Section 3.1: Commutative Rings
**Section 3.2: Fields