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Eleventh
Labor: Hercules and the Apples of the Hesperides Poor
Hercules! After eight years and one month, after performing ten superhuman
labors, he was still not off the hook. Eurystheus demanded two more labors
from the hero, since he did not count the hydra or the Augean stables as
properly done. King
Eurystheus commanded Hercules to bring him golden apples, which belonged to
Zeus, king of the gods. Hera had given these apples to Zeus as a wedding gift,
so surely this task was impossible. Hera, who didn't want to see Hercules
succeed, would never permit him to steal one of her prize possessions, would
she? These
apples were kept in a garden at the northern edge of the world.
The apples were guarded, not only by a hundred-headed dragon, named
Ladon, but also by the Hesperides (nymphs who were daughters of Atlas), and
the titan (who held the sky and the earth upon his shoulders). |
Hercules'
first problem was that he didn't know where the garden was. He journeyed
through Libya, Egypt, Arabia, and Asia, having adventures along the way.
Kyknos, the son of Ares, the war god, stopped Hercules. Kyknos demanded that
he fight him. After the fight was broken up by a thunderbolt, Hercules
continued on to Illyria, where he seized the sea-god Nereus, who knew the
garden's secret location. Nereus transformed himself into all kinds of shapes,
trying to escape, but Hercules held tight and didn't release Nereus until he
got the information he needed.
Continuing
on his quest, Hercules was stopped by Antaeus, the son of the sea god,
Poseidon, who also challenged Hercules to fight. Hercules defeated him in a
wrestling match, lifting him off the ground and crushing him, because when
Antaeus touched the earth he became stronger. After that, Hercules met up with
Busiris, another of Poseidon's sons, was captured, and was led to an altar to
be a human sacrifice. But Hercules escaped, killing Busiris, and journeyed on.
Hercules
came to the rock on Mount Caucasus where Prometheus was chained. Zeus
sentenced Prometheus, a trickster who made fun of the gods and stole the
secret of fire from them, to a horrible fate. He was bound to the mountain,
and every day a monstrous eagle came and ate his liver, pecking away at
Prometheus' tortured body. After the eagle flew off, Prometheus' liver grew
back, and the next day he had to endure the eagle's painful visit all over
again. This went on for 30 years, until Hercules showed up and killed the
eagle.
In
gratitude, Prometheus told Hercules the secret to getting the apples. He would
have to send Atlas after them, instead of going himself. Atlas hated holding
up the sky and the earth so much that he would agree to the task of fetching
the apples, in order to pass his burden over to Hercules. Everything happened
as Prometheus had predicted, and Atlas went to get the apples while Hercules
was stuck in Atlas's place, with the weight of the world literally on his
shoulders. When Atlas returned with the golden apples, he told Hercules he
would take them to King Eurystheus himself, and asked Hercules to stay there
and hold the heavy load for the rest of time. Hercules slyly agreed, but asked
Atlas whether he could take it back again, just for a moment, while the hero
put some soft padding on his shoulders to help him bear the weight of the sky
and the earth. Atlas put the apples on the ground, and lifted the burden onto
his own shoulders. And so Hercules picked up the apples and quickly ran off,
carrying them back, uneventfully, to King Eurystheus.
There
was one final problem: because they belonged to the gods, the apples could not
remain with King Eurystheus. After all the trouble Hercules went through to
get them, he had to return them to Athena, who took them back to the garden at
the northern edge of the world.