Latin 201

a.d. VII kal. Sept.

Subjunctive forms:

Present tense: vowel change (We fear a friar)

servo, -are, -avi, -atum

Person/ #	Present indicative	Present subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	servo	servem
you (2^nd. sing)	servas	serves
s/he (3^rd sing.)	servat	servet
we (1^st pl.)	servamus	servemus
you (2^nd pl.)	servatis	servetis
they (3^rd pl.)	servant	servent

teneo, -ere, tenui, tentum

Person/ #	Present indicative	Present subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	teneo	teneam
you (2^nd. sing)	tenes	teneas
s/he (3^rd sing.)	tenet	teneat
we (1^st pl.)	tenemus	teneamus
you (2^nd pl.)	tenetis	teneatis
they (3^rd pl.)	tenent	teneant

curro, -ere, cucurri, cursum

Person/ #	Present indicative	Present subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	curro	curram
you (2^nd. sing)	curris	curras
s/he (3^rd sing.)	currit	currat
we (1^st pl.)	currimus	curramus
you (2^nd pl.)	curritis	curratis
they (3^rd pl.)	currunt	currant

cupio, -ere. cupui, cupitum

Person/ #	Present indicative	Present subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	cupio	cupiam
you (2^nd. sing)	cupis	cupias
s/he (3^rd sing.)	cupit	cupiat
we (1^st pl.)	cupimus	cupiamus
you (2^nd pl.)	cupitis	cupiatis
they (3^rd pl.)	cupiunt	cupiant

venio, -ire, veni, ventum

Person/ #	Present indicative	Present subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	venio	veniam
you (2^nd. sing)	venis	venias
s/he (3^rd sing.)	venit	veniat
we (1^st pl.)	venimis	veniamus
you (2^nd pl.)	venitis	veniatis
they (3^rd pl.)	veniunt	veniant

sum, esse, fui, futurum

Person/ #	Present indicative	Present subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	sum	sim
you (2^nd. sing)	es	sis
s/he (3^rd sing.)	est	sit
we (1^st pl.)	sumus	simus
you (2^nd pl.)	estis	sitis
they (3^rd pl.)	sunt	sint

Passive forms: just add passive endings instead of active ones.

Imperfect Indicative: stem + characteristic vowel + ba + personal endings

Vowel:

1^st conj.	2^nd conj.	3^rd conj.	3-io conj.	4^th conj.
-a-	-e-	-e-	-ie-	-ie-

Imperfect subjunctive: infinitive plus personal endings.

servo, -are, -avi, -atum

Person/ #	Imperfect indicative	Imperfect subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	servabam	servarem
you (2^nd. sing)	servabas	servares
s/he (3^rd sing.)	servabat	servaret
we (1^st pl.)	servabamus	servaremus
you (2^nd pl.)	servabatis	servaretis
they (3^rd pl.)	servabant	servarent

teneo, -ere, tenui, tentum

Person/ #	Imperfect indicative	Imperfect subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	tenebam	tenerem
you (2^nd. sing)	tenebas	teneres
s/he (3^rd sing.)	tenebat	teneret
we (1^st pl.)	tenebamus	teneremus
you (2^nd pl.)	tenebatis	teneretis
they (3^rd pl.)	tenebant	tenerent

curro, -ere, cucurri, cursum

Person/ #	Imperfect indicative	Imperfect subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	currebam	currerem
you (2^nd. sing)	currebas	curreres
s/he (3^rd sing.)	currebat	curreret
we (1^st pl.)	currebamus	curreremus
you (2^nd pl.)	currebatis	curreretis
they (3^rd pl.)	currebant	currerent

cupio, -ere. cupui, cupitum

Person/ #	Imperfect indicative	Imperfect subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	cupiebam	cuperem
you (2^nd. sing)	cupiebas	cuperes
s/he (3^rd sing.)	cupiebat	cuperet
we (1^st pl.)	cupiebamus	cuperemus
you (2^nd pl.)	cupiebatis	cuperetis
they (3^rd pl.)	cupiebaunt	cuperent

venio, -ire, veni, ventum

Person/ #	Imperfect indicative	Imperfect subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	veniebam	venirem
you (2^nd. sing)	veniebas	venires
s/he (3^rd sing.)	veniebat	veniret
we (1^st pl.)	veniebamus	veniremus
you (2^nd pl.)	veniebatis	veniretis
they (3^rd pl.)	veniebant	venirent

sum, esse, fui, futurum

Person/ #	Imperfect indicative	Imperfect subjunctive
I (1^st. sing.)	eram	essem
you (2^nd. sing)	eras	esses
s/he (3^rd sing.)	erat	esset
we (1^st pl.)	eramus	essemus
you (2^nd pl.)	eraatis	essetis
they (3^rd pl.)	erant	essent

Passive forms: present active infinitive plus passive endings

Verb formation drill

Verbs

laudo (1) porto (1) ambulo (1) habeo (2) video, -ere taceo, -ere

duco, -ere dico, -ere curro, -ere audio, -ire dormio, -ire sentio, -ire

fugio, -ere facio, -ere capio, -ere

Present indicative	Present subjunctive	Imperfect subjunctive
laudo	laudem	laudarem
portas	portes	portares
ambulat	ambulet	ambularet
habemus	habeamus	haberemus
videtis	videatis	videretis
tacent	taceant	tacerent
duco	ducam
dicis	dicas
currit	currat
fugimus	fugiamus
facitis	faciatis
capiunt	capiant
audio	audiam
dormis	dormias
sentit	sentiat
sum	sim
est	sit
sunt	sint

Present contrary to fact conditions:

• situation pretty surely not the case in the present, with alternate possibility proposed
• state or continuation often involved
• imperfect subjunctive in both clauses

si Caesar essem, omnes hostes interficerem.

si pueri melius magistrum audirent, plus literarum congnoscerent.

si Aetna flammas in caelo proiceret, magnopere timeremus.

si monumentum illae puellae spectares, tristis esses.

si saepius litteras matri scriberes, illa laetior esset.

si monstrum ex caelum ante me subito appareret, territus essem.

si mecum ambulares, de rebus insignibus loquaremur.

nisi omnes in libro picturas fratri minori ostenderem, ille magnopere lacrimaret.

si in foro usque ad horam septimam staremus, omnes amicos videremus.

res, rei f

3-io capio, -ere

facio, -ere

rapio, -ere

fugio, -ere

4^th

audio, -ire

dormio –ire

Class Translations:

Contrary to fact: Translate the following sentences:

1. si hospites mecum visitarent, ad litus saepe iremus.

2. si parentes me multum pecuniam darent, omnes in libros insumerem. (insumo = spend)

3. si aliquis te iuvaret, ei gratias dares.

4. si soror mea maritum bonum haberet, eum amaret.

5. amicus nisi natare posset, in navem timeret.

amo, amare

teneo, tenere

duco, ducere

capio, capere

audio, audire

we fear a friar